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| TDA7541 AM/FM car radio tuner IC with stereo decoder and intelligent selectivity system Features FM part - AGC generation by RF and IF detection - I/Q mixer for 1st IF 10.7MHz with image rejection - Mixer for 2nd IF 450kHz - Internal 450kHz band pass filter with bandwidth control by ISS - Fully integrated FM demodulator with noise cancellation AM part - Wide and narrow AGC generation - Mixer for 1st IF 10.7MHz, AM upconversion - Mixer for 2nd IF 450kHz - Integrated AM-demodulator - AM IF noise blanking Stereo decoder - PLL with adjustment free, fully integrated VCO - Automatic pilot dependent MONO/STEREO switching - Programmable ROLL-OFF compensation - High cut and stereo blend-characteristics programmable - Dedicated RDS mute - Audio noise blanker Additional features - VCO for world tuning range LQFP64 - High performance fast PLL for RDSSystem - IF counter for FM and AM with search stop signal - Quality detector for level, deviation, adjacent channel and multipath - ISS (Intelligent selectivity system) for cancellation of adjacent channel and noise influences - Adjacent channel mute - Fully electronic alignment - Independend weather band input - All functions I2C bus controlled Description The TDA7541 is a high performance tuner circuit with stereo decoder for AM/FM car radio. It contains a mixer, IF amplifier, demodulator for AM and FM, stereo decoder, quality detection, ISS filter and PLL synthesizer with IF counter on a single chip. Use of BICMOS technology allows the implementation of several tuning functions and a minimum of external components. Table 1. Device summary Order code TDA7541 TDA7541TR TDA7541W TDA7541WTR Package LQFP64 (10 x 10 x 1.4mm) LQFP64 (10 x 10 x 1.4mm) LQFP64 (14 x 14 x 1.4mm) LQFP64 (14 x 14 x 1.4mm) Packing Tray Tape and reel Tray Tape and reel January 2008 Rev 3 1/76 www.st.com 1 Contents TDA7541 Contents 1 2 Block circuit diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Pin connection and pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1 2.2 Pin connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3 Electrical specifications and characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.1 3.2 3.3 Thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 4.1 FM part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.1.5 4.1.6 Mixer 1 AGC and IF amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Mixer2, limiter, FM demodulator and spike cancellation . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Quality detection and ISS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Block diagram quality detection principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Weak signal mute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Weather band input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 4.2 4.3 AM section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Stereo decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 Decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Noise blanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Functional description of the multipath detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Quality detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 AFS control and stereo decoder mute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 4.4 PLL and IF counter section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 4.4.1 4.4.2 PLL frequency synthesizer block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 IF counter block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 4.5 I2C bus interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 5 Software specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 5.1 Address organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 2/76 TDA7541 Contents 5.2 5.3 Control register function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Data byte specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 6 7 8 9 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Preliminary application circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Package information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 3/76 List of tables TDA7541 List of tables Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Table 7. Table 8. Table 9. Table 10. Table 11. Table 12. Table 13. Table 14. Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Table 18. Table 19. Table 20. Table 21. Table 22. Table 23. Table 24. Table 25. Table 26. Table 27. Table 28. Table 29. Table 30. Table 31. Table 32. Table 33. Table 34. Table 35. Table 36. Table 37. Table 38. Table 39. Table 40. Table 41. Table 42. Device summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Globals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 FM section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 AM section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Stereo decoder section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 PLL section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 ISS filter control by I2C bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Internal ISS control signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 ISS control modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Address organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 I2C control bit description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Subaddress description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Addr 0 TPLL charge pump control (0Bh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Addr 1 TPLL Counter 1 (LSB). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Addr 2 TPLL Counter 2 (MSB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Addr 3 TV(00h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Addr 4 TV/IF Counter (FM ACh , AM 1Ch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Addr 5 TPLL Divider (FM 3Dh , AM 2Dh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Addr 6 AGC (FM 06h, AM 2Ah) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Addr 7 Quality AC (FM 50h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Addr 8 Quality ACM/MP (FM 6Ah) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Addr 9 Quality Dev (FM 49h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Addr 10 Quality MUX/FSU (FM 0Eh , AM 0Fh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Addr 11 Weak Signal Mute (FM A8h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Addr 12 AM IF NB (AM B1h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Addr 13 XTAL adjust(80h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Addr 14 IF2 adjust (FM E8h, AM 08h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Addr 15 IQ adjust / Switch (FM E7h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Addr 16 FM keying AGC (FM 1Dh). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Addr 17 Roll off / Level gain (77h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Addr 18 SD Stereoblend / AM corner frequency (0Dh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Addr 19 SD High cut (2Fh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Addr 20 SD MP (FM 97h, AM 3Fh). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Addr 21 SD Quality (FFM 7Ah, AM FAh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Addr 22 SD NB I (FM 05h, AM 04h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Addr 23 SD NB II (FM E2h, AM C2h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Addr 24, 26, 27, 28, 29 testing (FEh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Addr 25 Testing (FEh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 4/76 TDA7541 List of figures List of figures Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6. Figure 7. Figure 8. Figure 9. Figure 10. Figure 11. Figure 12. Figure 13. Figure 14. Figure 15. Figure 16. Block circuit diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Pin connections (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Programming of HC filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Programming of stereo blend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Adaptive threshold control of noise blanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Stereo blend controlled threshold adjust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Deviation controlled threshold adjust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Block diagram FM part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Block diagram VCO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Block diagram ISS function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Block diagram AM path. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Block diagram stereo decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Block diagram audio noise blanker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Block diagram multi path detection for stereo decoder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Application circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 LQFP64 mechanical data and package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 5/76 Block circuit diagram TDA7541 1 Block circuit diagram Figure 1. Block circuit diagram 6/76 TDA7541 Pin connection and pin description 2 2.1 Pin connection and pin description Pin connections Figure 2. Pin connections (top view) MIX2AMPOUT AMRFAGCTC IF1AMPOUT AMAGC2TC MIX2INREF 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 VCCMIX1 DEVTC AMMIX1IN AMRFAGCOUT WB AMMIX1RAF AMPINDR FMMIX1IN1 GNDRF FMMIX1IN2 TV FMPINDR FMAGCTC VCOB VCOE VCCVCO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 VREF1 AMIF2IN GNDDEM FMREFDEMC AMIF2REF MPXOUT MUTETC MPXIN AMREFDEMC MPTC GNDSTD FSWO VCC1 R L GNDVCC1 GNDVCO LPOUT VREF2 LPHC MUX LPF XTALG ISSTC1 2.2 Pin description Table 2. Pin No. 1 2 3 4 VCCMIX1 DEVTC AMMIX1IN AMRFAGCOUT Pin description Pin name Mixer1 Supply Deviation Detector Time Constant AM Mixer1 Input AM RF AGC Voltage Output Function ISSTC2 SSTOP XTALD SDA SW FSU SCL FSTC GNDVCC2 IF1AMPIN MIX1OUT MIX2OUT MIX1REF MIX2REF VCCIF1 IF1REF MIX2IN GNDIF VCC2 7/76 Pin connection and pin description Table 2. Pin No. 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 WB AMMIX1REF AMPINDR FMMIX1IN1 GNDRF FMMIX1IN2 TV FMPINDR FMAGCTC VCOB VCOE VCCVCO GNDVCO LPOUT VREF2 LPF LPHC SW MUX SSTOP SDA SCL FSU FSTC XTALG ISSTC1 ISSTC2 XTALD GNDVCC1 L R VCC1 FSWO GNDSTD MPTC TDA7541 Pin description (continued) Pin name Function Weather Band Input AM Mixer1 Reference AM Pin Diode Driver Output FM Mixer1 Input1 RF Ground FM Mixer1 Input2 Tuning Voltage Preselection FM Pin Diode Driver Output FM AGC Time Constant VCO Input Base VCO Output Emitter VCO Supply VCO Ground OpAmp Output to PLL Loop Filter Voltage Reference for PLL OpAmp OpAmp Input to PLL Loop Filter High Current PLL Loop Filter Input Free Programmable Switch Output Multiplexer Output Search Stop Output I2C Bus Data I2C Bus Clock Unweighted Field Strength Output S-meter Filtering Capacitor Xtal Oscillator to MOS Gate ISS Filter Time Constant1 (slow) ISS Filter Time Constant2 (fast) Xtal Oscillator to MOS Drain Digital Ground Stereo Decoder Output Left Stereo Decoder Output Right Digital Supply Weighted Field Strength Output Stereo Decoder Ground Multipath Detector Time Constant 8/76 TDA7541 Table 2. Pin No. 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 Pin connection and pin description Pin description (continued) Pin name AMREFDEMC MPXIN MUTETC MPXOUT AMIF2REF FMREFDEMC GNDDEM AMIF2IN VREF1 GNDVCC2 MIX2AMPOUT VCC2 MIX2REF MIX2OUT AMRFAGCTC MIX2INREF MIX2IN AMAGC2TC IF1REF IF1AMPOUT VCCIF1 IF1AMPIN GNDIF1 MIX1REF MIX1OUT Function AM Demodulator Reference Stereo Decoder Input Weak Signal Mute Time Constant AM Audio / MPX Output AM IF2 Amplifier Reference Voltage FM Demodulator Reference FM Demodulator Ground AM IF2 Amplifier Input 5V Reference Analog Ground MIXER2 Amplifier Output Analog Supply Mixer2 Reference Mixer2 Output AM RF AGC Time Constant Mixer2 Input Reference Mixer2 Input AM AGC2 Time Constant IF1 Amplifier Reference IF1 Amplifier Output IF1 Supply IF1 Amplifier Input IF1 Ground Mixer1 Reference Mixer1 Output 9/76 Electrical specifications and characteristics TDA7541 3 3.1 Electrical specifications and characteristics Thermal data Table 3. Symbol Thermal data Parameter Max. Value 70 Unit C/W RTH(j-amb) Thermal resistance junction to ambient 3.2 Absolute maximum ratings Table 4. Symbol VS Tamb Tstg Absolute maximum ratings Parameter Supply voltage Ambient temperature Storage temperature Human Body Model Conditions Value 9.5 -40 to 85 -55 to +150 2 100 300 Unit V C C kV V V VESD ESD withstand voltage Machine Model Charged Device Model 3.3 Table 5. Electrical characteristics Globals (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCCMIX1 = VCCVCO = VCCIF = 8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item 1. Supply 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 VCC1 VCC2 VCCVCO VCCMIX1 VCCIF ICC1 ICC1 ICC2 ICC2 ICCVCO ICCMIX1 Digital Supply Voltage Analog Supply Voltage VCO Supply Voltage Mixer1 Supply Voltage IF1 Supply Voltage Supply Current Supply Current Supply Current Supply Current Supply Current Supply Current FM ON FM ON AM ON FM ON AM ON 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 7.7 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 19 21 48 37 12 32 9 9 9 9 9 23 25 58 44 15 40 V V V V V mA mA mA mA mA mA 10/76 TDA7541 Table 5. Electrical specifications and characteristics Globals (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCCMIX1 = VCCVCO = VCCIF = 8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Item 1.12 1.13 Symbol ICCMIX1 ICCIF Parameter Supply Current Supply Current Test conditions AM ON Min. Typ. 20 4 Max. 24 5 Unit mA mA 2. Reference voltages 2.1 2.2 VREF1 VREF2 Internal reference voltage Internal reference voltage IREF1 = 0mA IREF2 = 0mA 4.8 2.4 5 2.5 5.2 2.6 V V 3. I2C bus interface 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 fSCL VIL VIH IIN VO Clock frequency Input low voltage Input high voltage Input current Output acknowledge voltage IO = 1.6mA 3 -5 5 0.4 400 1 kHz V V A V Table 6. FM section (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCCMIX1 = VCCVCO = VCCIF = 8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, fRF = 98MHz, dev = 40 kHz, fMod = 1 kHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item 4. Wide band RF AGC 4.1 4.2 4.3 V8-10 V8-10 V8-10 Lower threshold start Upper threshold start Control range RF KAGC V13 = 2.5V,RFK "0" V13 = 2.5V,RFK"0" KAGC"000",RFAGC"00", V37 = 3.0....3.7V, RFK"1" 5 79 93 8 11 dBV dBV 5. Narrow band IF & keying AGC 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 V61 V61 V61 V37 V61 Lower threshold start Upper threshold start Max. IFAGC threshold with KAGC Start point KAGC Control range IF KAGC KAGC = off, V8-10 = 0mVRMS KAGC = off, V8-10 = 0mVRMS KAGC"000",IFAGC"00", V37 = 3.0V KAGC"000",IFAGC"00", KAGC"000",IFAGC"00", V37 = 3.2....3.9V 3.2 12 82 94 97 3.4 15 3.6 18 dBV dBV dBV V dB 6. AGC time constant output 6.1 6.2 6.3 V13 V13 I13 Max. AGC output voltage Min. AGC output voltage Min. AGC charge current V8-10= 0mVRMS V8-10 = 100mVRMS V8-10= 0mVRMS,V13 = 2.5V -33 -25 VREF1 +VBE 0.5 -17.5 V V A 11/76 Electrical specifications and characteristics Table 6. TDA7541 FM section (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCCMIX1 = VCCVCO = VCCIF = 8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, fRF = 98MHz, dev = 40 kHz, fMod = 1 kHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Symbol I13 Parameter Max. AGC discharge current Test conditions V8-10 = 100mVRMS,V13 = 2.5V Min. 1.7 Typ. 2.5 Max. 3.3 Unit mA Item 6.4 7. AGC PIN diode driver output 7.1 7.2 I12 I12 AGC OUT, current min. AGC OUT, current max. V8-10 = 0mVRMS, V12 = 2.5V V8-10 = 50 mVRMS, V12 = 2.5V 15 25 35 -16 A mA 8. FM I/Q Mixer1 (10.7MHz) 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.10 8.11 8.12 RIN CIN ROUT V8,11 G Gl INOISE CP1dB IIP3 IQP IRR IRR Input resistance Input capacitance Output resistance Input DC bias Gain Gain Equivalent input noise 1dB compression point 3 order intermodulation I/Q phase adjust Image rejection ratio Image rejection ratio PH Ratio wanted/image With phase adjust -7 30 40 40 46 rd Differential Differential 8 10 4 12 k pF 530 2.2 Unloaded With 330 load 20 14 660 2.5 22 16 3 790 2.8 24 18 V dB dB nV/Hz dBV dBV Referred to diff. mixer input 100 119 +8 DEG dB dB 9. WB I/Q Mixer1 (10.7MHz) 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 RIN ROUT V5 G INOISE IIP3 Input resistance Output resistance Input dc bias Gain Equivalent Input noise 3 order intermodulation rd Single ended 7 530 2 10 660 2.3 26 2.3 113 13 790 2.6 28 k V dB nV/Hz dBV unloaded Source impedance 400 24 10. IF1 amplifier (10.7MHz) 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 RIN CIN V61 ROUT COUT V59 Gmin Input resistance Input capacitance DC input voltage Output resistance Output capacitance DC output voltage Min. gain IFG 265 265 330 2.5 VCCIF1/3 330 2.5 VCCIF1/2 9 396 396 pF V pF V dB 12/76 TDA7541 Table 6. Electrical specifications and characteristics FM section (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCCMIX1 = VCCVCO = VCCIF = 8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, fRF = 98MHz, dev = 40 kHz, fMod = 1 kHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Item 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 Symbol Gmax INOISE CP1dB IIP3 Parameter Max. gain Equivalent input noise voltage 1dB compression point 3 order Intermodulation rd Test conditions IFG Gmax , Rgen=330, RL=330, noise of Rgen not included referred to 330 input, Gmax referred to 330 input, Gmax Min. Typ. 21 3.2 99 130 Max. Unit dB nV/Hz dBV dBV 11. Mixer2 (450kHz) 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 11.9 11.10 11.11 11.12 11.13 RIN CIN V55.56 ROUT COUT V52,53 gm G Cstep Cmax INOISE CP1dB IIP3 Input resistance Input capacitance DC input voltage Output resistance Output capacitance DC output voltage Conversion transconductance Gain Min. cap. Step Max. cap. Equivalent input noise voltage, including buffer mixer2 1dB compression point 3 order Intermodulation rd Differential 240 300 2.5 360 pF 3.7 100 4 4.3 V k 2.5 3.7 WB Mode; referred to MIX2OUT FM Mode, referred to MIX2OUT IF2A IF2A Rgen=330, IF2Q"10" noise of Rgen not included referred to 330 input ,IF2Q"10" referred to 330 input ,IF2Q"10" 4 126 14 2.2 33 15 116 132 4.3 pF V A/V dB pF pF nV/Hz dBV dBV 12. Demodulator, audio output 12.1 THD Total harmonic distortion Dev.= 75kHz, V56= 100dBV,IF2Q"11" V56 =100dB, f=40KHz, fmod =1KHz, fmod =1KHz@AM, m=0.3% Dev.= 75kHz 40 440 20 10 0.1 0.3 % aAM 12.2 12.3 VMPX ROUT RLOAD AM suppression MPX output signal Output impedance Load resistance 60 500 40 560 60 dB mVRMS k f=40KHz, fmod =1KHz, V56 12.4 (S+N)/N =100dBV, Signal plus noise-to-noise Deemphasis=50s, ratio at MPXOUT B=200Hz to 15KHz ISSENA = 0 70 dB 13/76 Electrical specifications and characteristics Table 6. TDA7541 FM section (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCCMIX1 = VCCVCO = VCCIF = 8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, fRF = 98MHz, dev = 40 kHz, fMod = 1 kHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item 12.5 (S+N)/N f=1.5KHz, fmod =1KHz, V56 Signal plus noise-to-noise =100dB, ratio Deemphasis=75s, setting see In weatherband mode Table 10 40 dB 13. Quality detection Unweighted field strength (FSU) and weighted field strength 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.9 13.10 13.11 13.12 13.13 13.14 13.15 13.16 13.17 13.18 13.19 V37 V37 V37 V37 V37 V37 ROUT V27 V27 V27 V27 V27 ROUT Rload V27 V27 V27 V27 V27 DC output voltage DC output voltage DC output voltage DC output voltage Slope DC offset Output impedance DC output voltage DC output voltage DC output voltage DC output voltage Slope Output impedance Load resistor DC output voltage AM DC output voltage AM DC output voltage AM DC output voltage AM Slope AM FSU FSU V47 = 20 dBV, FMON = 0, SL= "010" V47 = 40 dBV, FMON = 0, SL= "010" V47 = 60 dBV, FMON = 0, SL= "010" V47 > 100 dBV, FMON = 0, SL= "010" FMON=0 4.5 90 320 FSWO V56 = 20 dBV, FMON=1, SL="101" V56 = 50 dBV, FMON=1, SL="101" V56 = 70 dBV, FMON=1, SL="101" V56 > 120 dBV, FMON=1, SL="101" 4 50 400 20 0.1 1.25 3.0 0.3 480 -200 17 23.5 0.1 1 2 V56 = 20 dBV, FMON=1, FSWO = OFF V56 = 50 dBV, FMON=1, FSWO = OFF V56 = 70 dBV, FMON=1, FSWO = OFF V56 > 120 dBV, FMON=1, FSWO = OFF 2.5 3 3.5 4.6 25 0 30 0.4 V V V V mV/dB mV k V V V V mV/dB k V V V V mV/dB 14/76 TDA7541 Table 6. Electrical specifications and characteristics FM section (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCCMIX1 = VCCVCO = VCCIF = 8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, fRF = 98MHz, dev = 40 kHz, fMod = 1 kHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Item 13.20 Symbol fLP Parameter -3dB frequency low pass AM Test conditions FMON=0 Min. Typ. 40 Max. Unit kHz Adjacent channel gain 13.21 GAC Gain 32 dB Adjacent channel filter 13.22 13.23 13.24 fHP f-20dB fBP -3dB frequency highpass Attenuation 20dB Centre frequency ACF=1 ACF=0 100 70 100 kHz kHz kHz Multipath channel gain 13.25 GMP Gain 12 dB Multipath bandpass filter 13.26 13.27 fC Q Centre frequency Quality factor 5 19 8 10 kHz 14. ISS (intelligent selectivity system) filter 450kHz 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 fcentre BW 3dB Centre frequency Bandwidth, -3dB fREF_intern = 450kHz ISSBW = 1 ISSBW = 1 ISSBW = 0 ISSBW = 0 WBON = 1 WBON = 1 70 132 106 220 18 450 80 150 120 250 22 tbd 90 168 135 280 26 kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz kHz BW 20dB Bandwidth, -20dB BW 3dB Bandwidth, -3dB BW 20dB Bandwidth, -20dB BW 3dB Bandwidth weather band BW 20dB -20dB weather band Adjacent channel ISS filter threshold 14.8 14.9 VTHAC VTHAC Internal low threshold Internal high threshold Multipath threshold ACTH ACTH 2.75 3.05 V V 14.10 14.11 VTHMP VTHMP Internal low threshold Internal high threshold MPTH MPTH 0.50 1.25 V V ISS filter time constant 14.12 14.13 14.14 14.15 14.16 I30,31 I30,31 I30,31 I30,31 I30,31 Charge current low mid Charge current high mid TISS, BWDEF = 1 TISS, BWDEF = 1 -89 -72 -148 -132 0.5 -74 -60 -124 -110 1 -59 -48 -99 -88 1.5 A A A A A Charge current low narrow TISS, BWDEF = 1 Charge current high narrow Discharge current low TISS, BWDEF = 1 TISS, BWDEF = 0 15/76 Electrical specifications and characteristics Table 6. TDA7541 FM section (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCCMIX1 = VCCVCO = VCCIF = 8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, fRF = 98MHz, dev = 40 kHz, fMod = 1 kHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Symbol I30,31 V30,31 V30,31 Parameter Discharge current high Low voltage High voltage Test conditions TISS, BWDEF = 0 BWDEF = 0 BWDEF = 1 4.6 Min. 11 Typ. 15 0.1 4.9 Max. 19 0.2 Unit A V V Item 14.17 14.18 14.19 ISS filter switch threshold 14.20 14.21 14.22 14.23 V30,31 V30,31 V30,31 V30,31 Threshold ISS on Threshold ISS off Threshold ISS narrow on Threshold ISS narrow off BWDEF = 0 BWDEF = 0 BWDEF = 0 BWDEF = 0 3 1 4 2 V V V V Deviation detection 14.24 14.25 14.26 14.27 14.28 14.29 I3 I3 I3 I3 Charge current low Charge current high Discharge current low Discharge current high TDEV TDEV TDEV TDEV DWTH, I3 = 1A DWTH, I3 = 1A DTH DTH -40 -48 0.5 5.5 -32 -39 1 8 20 50 1 1.5 -20 -30 1.5 10.5 A A A A kHz kHz DEVWTH Internal low threshold DEVWTH Internal high threshold 14.30 RATIOmin Referred to threshold 14.31 RATIOmax Referred to threshold 15. Weak signal mute 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.8 15.9 V37 V37 aWMD aWMD aMTHISS VACMTH aACMD I42 I42 Upper start point Lower start point Min. mute depth Max. mute depth Mute threshold below WMTH for ISS filter "ON" Internal AC mute threshold AC mute depth Charge current Discharge current WMTH=0, WMD=7, VIN=V56, AF=-3dB WMTH=7, WMD=7, VIN=V56, AF=-3dB WMD=0, WMTH=7, V56 =OFF WMD=7, WMTH=7, V56=OFF WMD, WMTH, VIN=V56 ACMTH ACMD 40 3 -65 1.5 10 22 2.9 2.7 14 26 1 260 8 -47.5 2.5 -30 4 V V dB dB dB mV dB A A 16. Multiplexer output 16.1 16.2 V23 V23 Output voltage low Output voltage high 4.6 0.1 4.9 0.2 V V 16/76 TDA7541 Table 6. Electrical specifications and characteristics FM section (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCCMIX1 = VCCVCO = VCCIF = 8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, fRF = 98MHz, dev = 40 kHz, fMod = 1 kHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Item 16.3 16.4 Symbol ROUT R23load Parameter Output resistance Load resistor Test conditions Min. 200 20 Typ. 250 Max. 300 Unit k Table 7. AM section (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCCMIX1 = VCCVCO = VCCIF = 8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, fRF = 1 MHz, m = 30%, fmod = 1 kHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item 17. Global 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 17.7 17.8 17.9 VANT_US (S+N)/N aIF V3 V3 V61 V61 V56 V56 Usable sensitivity (1) Signal to Noise Ratio IF1 rejection Min. RF AGC threshold RFAGC Max. RF AGC threshold Min. IF AGC threshold IFAGC Max. IF AGC threshold Min. DAGC threshold DAGC Max. DAGC threshold 98 dBV 102 86 dBV dBV 104 78 dBV dBV (S+N)/N = 26 dB Ref.: V3 = 80dBV S/N=26dB, m=30%, fmod =1kHz 19 50 70 55 80 92 25 dBV dB dB dBV 18. AGC voltage driver output 18.1 18.2 18.3 V4 V4 | I4 | Max. AGC output voltage Min. AGC output voltage AGC current V4=0V, V54 = 3.5V, LNA"00" 340 3.3 3.5 0.5 V V A 19. AGC PIN diode driver output 19.1 I7 AGC driver current -15 mA 20. AM Mixer1 (10.7MHz) 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 20.6 20.7 20.8 RIN CIN ROUT CP1dB V3,6 IIP3 INOISE G Input resistance Input capacitance Output impedance 1dB compression point Input DC bias 3 order intermodulation Equivalent input noise Gain With 330 filter 3 rd differential differential 45 tbd 530 660 112 0.3 0.4 132 5.5 5.5 7 0.55 790 k pF dBV V dBV nV/Hz dB referred to diff. mixer input 17/76 Electrical specifications and characteristics Table 7. TDA7541 AM section (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCCMIX1 = VCCVCO = VCCIF = 8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, fRF = 1 MHz, m = 30%, fmod = 1 kHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item 21. AM mixer2 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.7 21.8 21.9 21.10 21.11 21.12 21.13 21.14 RIN CIN V55.56 ROUT COUT V52,53 gm Gmax Input resistance Input capacitance DC input voltage Output resistance Output capacitance DC output voltage Conversion transconductance Max. gain Gain control range Min. cap. Step Max. cap. Equivalent input noise voltage, including buffer mixer2 1dB compression point 3 order Intermodulation rd 265 330 2.5 396 pF 3.8 100 4 4.2 V k 2.5 3.7 MIX2OUT L=560H, Q=28; C=180p,referred to MIX2OUT 4.0 440 26 20 IF2A IF2A Amax , Rgen=330, RL=2k, noise of Rgen not included Amax , referred to 330 input Amax , referred to 330 input 2.2 33 11 114 132 4.3 pF V A/V dB dB pF pF nV/Hz dBV dBV G Cstep Cmax INOISE CP1dB IIP3 22. Buffer AM mixer2 22.1 22.2 22.3 22.4 ROUT COUT V50 G Output resistance Output capacitance DC output voltage gain RL=2k 3.7 -8 1.6 2 2.5 4.0 -6 4.3 -4 2.4 k pF V dB 23. AM IF2 amplifier 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.6 23.7 23.8 RIN CIN V44,47 Gmax Input resistance Input capacitance DC input voltage Max. gain Gain control range Equivalent input noise voltage 1dB compression point 3rd order Intermodulation Gmax , Rgen=2K, noise of Rgen not included Gmax , referred to 2K input Gmax , referred to 2K input 4.1 49 36 1.6 2 2.5 4.3 52 38 9.5 74 100 4.5 55 40 2.4 k pF V dB dB nV/Hz dBV dBV G INOISE CP1dB IIP3 18/76 TDA7541 Table 7. Electrical specifications and characteristics AM section (continued) (Tamb = 25C, VCC1 = VCC2 = VCCMIX1 = VCCVCO = VCCIF = 8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, fRF = 1 MHz, m = 30%, fmod = 1 kHz, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Item 23.9 Symbol V23 Parameter IF2 output voltage Test conditions V56 = 90dB, m=off Min. 140 Typ. 190 Max. 240 Unit mVRMS 24. AMAGC2 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 24.5 24.6 24.7 24.8 VAGC(start) AGC start voltage (PIN47) Input carrier voltage Between start of AGC2 and the intervention point of prestage AGC Seek mode normal mode Seek mode normal mode V47 = 100dB V47 = 20dB 4.6 50 62 55 50 5 125 5 4.8 0.2 0.5 dBV dB A/V A/V A A V V AGC gAGC gAGC II57I II57I V57 V57 AGC2 range Control slope Control slope Max. AGC charge current Max. AGC charge current Max. AGC output voltage Min. AGC output voltage 25. AM audio output 25.1 25.2 THD 25.3 25.4 ROUT Output impedance Total harmonic distortion V43 Audio output voltage V56 = 90dB, m = 30%, fmod = 1KHz V56 = 90dB, m = 30%, fmod = 1KHz V56 = 90dB, m = 80%, fmod = 1KHz 20 170 200 0.3 0.5 25 230 0.5 % 0.9 30 mVRMS 26. IF noise blanking 26.1 26.2 26.3 26.4 26.5 tbl tbl Vth Vth Vthstep Min. blanking time Max. blanking time Min internal threshold Max. internal threshold Threshold step 8 17 50 187.5 12.5 s s mV mV mV 1. Can be reached in application circuit, not measured. 19/76 Electrical specifications and characteristics Table 8. TDA7541 Stereo decoder section (Tamb=25C, VCC1=VCC2=VCCMIX1=VCCVCO=VCCIF=8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, VMPX=500mVrms mono, f=1kHz, deemphasis =50s, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item Symbol 27. Stereo decoder 27.1 Vin 27.2 27.3 27.4 27.5 27.6 27.7 27.8 27.9 Rin GSTD GSTDWB SVRR A THD (S+N)/N Input resistance Stereo decoder gain Stereo decoder gain Supply voltage ripple rejection channel separation Total harmonic distortion Signal plus noise to noise ratio A-weighted, 19 kHz notch Weather band mode Vripple = 100mV, f = 1kHz VMPX = 500 mVrms stereo, only L/R, ROC adjusted 35 MPX input level WBON = 1 80 2 23 0.05 100 2.5 26 60 40 0.02 85 0.3 0.06 120 3 27 k dB dB dB dB % dB 0.5 0.93 Vrms 28. Mono/stereo switch 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 VPTHST1 VPTHST0 Pilot threshold voltage Pilot threshold voltage for Stereo, PTH = 1 for Stereo, PTH = 0 for Mono, PTH = 1 for Mono, PTH = 0 5 7 3.5 6 8 11 6 9 12 16 10 14 mVrms mVrms mVrms mVrms VPTHMO1 Pilot threshold voltage VPTHMO0 Pilot threshold voltage 29. 19kHz PLL 29.1 29.2 flock DP Capture range Pilot deviation range Pilot magnitude 20 mVrms = 4% fpilot = 19kHz 18.9 4 19.1 30 kHz % 30. Deemphasis and highcut 30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4 30.5 30.6 tHC50 tHC75 tHC50 tHC75 AAmmin AAmmax Deemphasis time constant Deemphasis time constant Highcut time constant Highcut time constant Min. Attenuation in AM Max. Attenuation in AM DEEMP=0, High Cut OFF DEEMP = 1, High Cut OFF DEEMP = 0, High Cut ON, V28=0.1V DEEMP= 1, High Cut ON, V28=0.1V Voutmax/Vout@ f = 3.5kHz, DEEMP = 0, AMCF "111" Voutmax/Vout@ f = 3.5kHz, DEEMP= 0, AMCF "000" 45 67 135 200 4.5 11 50 75 150 225 6.5 14 55 83 165 250 8.5 17 s s s s dB dB 20/76 TDA7541 Table 8. Electrical specifications and characteristics Stereo decoder section (continued) (Tamb=25C, VCC1=VCC2=VCCMIX1=VCCVCO=VCCIF=8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, VMPX=500mVrms mono, f=1kHz, deemphasis =50s, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item Symbol 31. Stereo blend and high cut control 31.1 31.2 31.3 31.4 31.5 31.6 31.7 31.8 31.9 LGmin LGmax LGstep Min. level gain Max. level gain Level gain step Resolution SBC SBC SBC LG LG -0.3 7.75 0.25 24 53 3.5 37 61 7 6 28 6.5 0 8.25 0.55 29 58 4.2 42 66 8 11 33 7.3 0.3 8.75 0.85 34 63 5 47 71 9 16 38 8.1 dB dB dB %VREF1 %VREF1 %VREF1 %VREF1 %VREF1 %VREF1 %VHCH %VHCH %VHCH VSBLmin Min. voltage for mono VSBLmax Max. voltage for mono VSBLstep Step resolution VHCHmin Min. voltage for no highcut HCHT VHCHmax Max.voltage for no highcut HCHT VHCHstep Step resolution Min. voltage for full high cut Max. voltage for full high cut HCHT HCLT HCLT HCLT 31.10 VHCLmin 31.11 VHCLmax 31.12 VHCLstep Step resolution 32. Carrier and harmonic suppression at the output 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 a19 a38 a57 a76 Pilot signal f=19kHz Subcarrier f=38kHz Subcarrier f=57kHz Subcarrier f=76kHz (1) 45 50 75 62 90 dB dB dB dB 33. Intermodulation 33.1 33.2 a2 a3 fmod=10kHz, fspur=1kHz fmod=13kHz, fspur=1kHz 65 75 dB dB 34. Traffic radio (2) 34.1 a57 Signal f=57kHz 65 70 dB 35. SCA (3) 35.1 a67 Signal f=67kHz 75 dB 36. ACI - adjacent channel interference (4) 36.1 36.2 a114 a190 Signal f=114kHz Signal f=190kHz 95 84 dB dB 37. FM noise blanker 37.1 VTRMIN Min. trigger threshold (5) VPEAK=0.8V, NBLT "111" 147 mVOP 21/76 Electrical specifications and characteristics Table 8. TDA7541 Stereo decoder section (continued) (Tamb=25C, VCC1=VCC2=VCCMIX1=VCCVCO=VCCIF=8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, VMPX=500mVrms mono, f=1kHz, deemphasis =50s, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Parameter Max. trigger threshold (5) Min. noise controlled trigger threshold Max. noise controlled trigger threshold Peak voltage Peak voltage Peak voltage Min. deviation dependent peak voltage Test conditions VPEAK=0.8V, NBLT "000" VPEAK=1.5V, NBCT "11" VPEAK=1.5V, NBCT "00" NBRR "00", VMPX=0mV NBRR "00", VMPX=50mV, f=150kHz NBRR "00", VMPX=200mV, f=150kHz VMPX=500mV, NBDC = 11 ("OFF") Min. Typ. 280 450 1200 0.8 1.9 3.5 0.8 2.0 Max. Unit mVOP mVOP mVOP V V V V V Item 37.2 37.3 37.4 37.5 37.6 37.7 37.8 37.9 Symbol VTRMAX VTRNOISE VTRNOISE VPEAK VPEAK VPEAK VPEAKDEV VPEAKDEV Max. deviation dependent VMPX=500mV, NBDC= 00 peak voltage VMPX=0mV, VLEVEL<< VSBL (fully mono), NBFC = 11 ("OFF") VMPX=0mV, VLEVEL<< VSBL (fully mono), NBFC = 00 Signal HOLDN in testmode, NBT = 00 Signal HOLDN in testmode, NBT = 11 Signal PEAK in testmode, NBPC=0 Signal PEAK in testmode, NBPC=1 Signal PEAK in testmode, NBRR=00 Signal PEAK in testmode, NBRR=01 Signal PEAK in testmode, NBRR=10 Signal PEAK in testmode, NBRR=11 Signal PEAK in testmode, VMPTC=1V, NBSMP=0, NBMP=1, NBRR=01 37.10 Min. fieldstrength VPEAKFS controlled peak voltage Max. fieldstrength VPEAKFS controlled peak voltage TS TS SRPEAK SRPEAK Min. blanking time Max. blanking time Noise rectifier charge Noise rectifier charge Noise rectifier discharge adjustment Noise rectifier discharge adjustment Noise rectifier discharge adjustment Noise rectifier discharge adjustment Noise rectifier adjustment by multipath 0.8 V 37.11 2.0 V 37.12 37.13 37.14 37.15 38 22 5 12 0.3 1.8 2.8 4 s s mV/s mV/s V/ms V/ms V/ms V/ms 37.16 VRECTADJ 37.17 VRECTADJ 37.18 VRECTADJ 37.19 VRECTADJ 37.20 VADJMP 3 V/ms 22/76 TDA7541 Table 8. Electrical specifications and characteristics Stereo decoder section (continued) (Tamb=25C, VCC1=VCC2=VCCMIX1=VCCVCO=VCCIF=8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, VMPX=500mVrms mono, f=1kHz, deemphasis =50s, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Parameter Noise rectifier adjustment by strong multipath influence Noise rectifier adjustment by multipath and strong multipath influence Test conditions Signal PEAK in testmode, VMPTC=1V, NBSMP=1, NBMP=0, NBRR=01 Signal PEAK in testmode, VMPTC=1V, MBSMP=1, NBMP=1, NBRR=01 Min. Typ. 4 Max. Unit Item 37.21 Symbol VADJMP 37.22 VADJMP 5.2 V/ms 38. Multipath detector 38.1 38.2 38.3 38.4 38.5 38.6 38.7 GMP GMP Min. multipath gain Max. multipath gain MPG = 00 MPG = 11 MPRG = 01 MPRG = 11 MPCC = 0 MPCC = 1 5 11 -1 5 0.5 0.2 0.5 6 12 0 7.6 0.8 0.4 1 7 13 1 9 1.1 0.7 dB dB dB dB A A mA GRECTMP Min. rectifier gain GRECTMP Max. rectifier gain ICHMP ICHMP IDISMP Rectifier charge current Rectifier charge current Rectifier discharge current 39. Quality detector 39.1 39.2 39.3 39.4 a a b b Min. quality detector coefficient Max. quality detector coefficient Min. quality noise gain Max. quality noise gain QDC QDC QNG QNG 0.5 0.9 5 13 0.6 1.05 6 15 0.7 1.2 7 17 dB dB 1. Intermodulation suppression V o ( signal ,@1kHz ) a2 = ------------------------------------------------------------ ;s = ( ( 2 x 10kHz ) - 19kHz ) V o ( spurious ,@1kHz ) V o ( signal ,@1kHz ) a3 = ------------------------------------------------------------ ;s = ( ( 3 x 13kHz ) - 38kHz ) V o ( spurious ,@1kHz ) measured with: 91% stereo signal; 9% pilot signal; fm = 10kHz or 13kHz. 2. Traffic radio (V.F.) suppression V o ( signal ,@1kHz ) a57 ( V ,W ,F ) = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------V o ( spurious ,@1kHz ) 23kHz measured with: 91% stereo signal; 9% pilot signal; fm=1kHz; 5% sub carrier (f=57kHz, fm=23Hz AM, m=60%) 23/76 Electrical specifications and characteristics TDA7541 3. SCA (subsidiary communications authorization) V o ( signal ,@1kHz ) a67 = ------------------------------------------------------------ ;s = ( ( 2 x 38kHz ) - 67kHz ) V o ( spurious ,@9kHz ) measured with: 81% mono signal; 9% pilot signal; fm=1kHz; 10%SCA - sub carrier (fS = 67kHz, unmodulated) 4. ACI (adjacent channel interference) V o ( signal ,@1kHz ) a114 = ------------------------------------------------------------ ;s = ( 110kHz - ( 2 x 38kHz ) ) V o ( spurious ,@4kHz ) V o ( signal ,@1kHz ) a190 = ------------------------------------------------------------ ;s = ( 186kHz - ( 5 x 38kHz ) ) V o ( spurious ,@4kHz ) measured with: 90% mono signal; 9% pilot signal; fm=1kHz; 1% spurious signal (fS = 110kHz or 186kHz, unmodulated) 5. All thresholds are measured in test mode at the quality output. The thresholds are calculated by VNBTH - VPEAK. VPEAK can be adjusted by applying a 150 kHz sinewave at MPXIN. Table 9. PLL section (Tamb=25C, VCC1=VCC2=VCCMIX1=VCCVCO=VCCIF=8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, VMPX=500mVrms mono, f=1kHz, de-emphasis =50s, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Item Symbol 40. Voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) 40.1 40.2 40.3 fVCOmin Min. VCO frequency 160 260 fVCO= 200MHz, f=1KHz, B=1Hz, Qloaded=60 80 MHz MHz dBc/Hz fVCOmax Max. VCO frequency C/N Carrier-to-noise-ratio 41. Crystal oscillator 41.1 41.2 41.3 41.4 41.5 41.6 41.7 41.8 fxtal C/N V29 C29-32 Cstep Cmax f/f f/f Crystal frequency Carrier-to-noise-ratio Oscillator output voltage Input capacitance Min. cap. Step Max. cap. Deviation versus VCC Deviation versus T XTAL XTAL VCC=1V -40C 24/76 TDA7541 Table 9. Electrical specifications and characteristics PLL section (continued) (Tamb=25C, VCC1=VCC2=VCCMIX1=VCCVCO=VCCIF=8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, VMPX=500mVrms mono, f=1kHz, de-emphasis =50s, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Parameter Source current Sink current Source current Sink current ICP, V20 = 2.5V Test conditions Min. Typ. 1 1 1.9 1.9 Max. Unit mA mA mA mA Item Symbol 42.5 42.6 42.7 42.8 -I20 I20 -I20 I20 43. Loop filter input/output 43.1 43.2 43.3 43.4 43.5 43.6 -IIN IIN VOL VOH IOUT IOUT Input leakage current Input leakage current Output voltage Low Output voltage High Output current, sink Output current, source VIN = GND: PDOUT = Tristate VIN = VREF1 PDOUT = Tristate IOUT = -0.2mA IOUT = 0.2mA VOUT = 1V to VCCVCO-1V VOUT = 1V to VCCVCO-1V -10 -0.1 -0.1 0.05 VCCVCO- VCCVCO0.5 0.05 10 0.1 0.1 0.5 A A V V mA mA 44. Output of tuning voltage (TV) 44.1 44.2 44.3 44.4 44.5 44.6 VOUT IVstepI IVmaxI Output voltage Min. voltage step Max. voltage offset Additional offset voltage Output impedance Output impedance TVO TVO TVM=1, TVO+ TVM=0 TVM=1 0.5 25 3175 3.175 40 20 VVCO0.5 V mV mV V k k V ROUT ROUT 45. SSTOP output (open collector) 45.1 45.2 45.3 45.4 45.5 V24 V24 -I24 I24 Output voltage low Output voltage high Output leakage current Output current, sink V 24 = 5V V 24 = 0.5V to 5V SSTH, FMON=1 2.6 -0.1 I24 = -200A 0.2 0.5 5 0.1 1 4.1 V V A mA V Internal unfiltered field V37SSTH strength threshold for SSTOP=HIGH Internal unfiltered field V27SSTH strength threshold for SSTOP=HIGH 45.6 SSTH, FMON=0 SL = "011" 1.2 4.8 V 46. Switch output 46.1 46.2 VOL VOH Output Voltage low Output Voltage high SWM"1",SW"0", I24 = -5A SWM"1",SW"1" 0.35 VCC-1 0.5 V V 25/76 Electrical specifications and characteristics Table 9. TDA7541 PLL section (continued) (Tamb=25C, VCC1=VCC2=VCCMIX1=VCCVCO=VCCIF=8.5V, fXtal = 10.25 MHz, VMPX=500mVrms mono, f=1kHz, de-emphasis =50s, in application circuit, unless otherwise specified) Parameter Output leakage current Output Current, sink Output Voltage low Output Voltage high Output Current, sink SWM"0",SW"0", I22=0A SWM"0",SW"1", I22=1mA V22=5V -7 0.1 VCC-1 Test conditions V22=5V Min. -0.5 Typ. Max. 0.5 7 0.3 Unit A mA V V mA Item Symbol 46.3 46.4 46.5 46.6 46.7 -I22 I22 VOL VOH I22 26/76 TDA7541 Functional description 4 4.1 4.1.1 Functional description FM part Mixer 1 AGC and IF amplifier FM quadrate I/Q-mixer converts FM RF to IF1 of 10.7MHz. The mixer provides inherent image rejection and wide dynamic range with low noise and large input signal performance. For accurate image rejection the phase-error of I/Q can be compensated by software (PH). It is capable of tuning the US FM, US weather (dedicated WB input), Europe FM, Japan FM and East Europe FM bands - - - - - US FM = 87.9 to 107.9 MHz US weather = 162.4 to 162.55 MHz Europe FM = 87.5 to 108 MHz Japan FM = 76 to 91 MHz East Europe FM = 65.8 to 74 MHz The AGC operates on different sensitivities and bandwidths in order to improve the input sensitivity and dynamic range. AGC thresholds are programmable by software (RFAGC, IFAGC, and KAGC). The output signal is a controlled current for pin diode attenuator. A 10.7MHz programmable amplifier (IFG) correct the IF ceramic insertion loss and the costumer level plan application. 4.1.2 Mixer2, limiter, FM demodulator and spike cancellation In the 2nd mixer stage the first 10.7MHz IF is converted into the second 450 kHz IF. The fully integrated sample and hold FM demodulator including spike cancellation (DSB) converts the IF signal from the 450KHz limiter (limiter gain 80dB typ.) to the FM multiplex output signal with very low distortion. The sensitivity of spike blanking can be set via I2C-bus. 4.1.3 Quality detection and ISS Field strength Parallel to mixer2 input a 10.7MHz limiter generates a signal for digital IF counter and field strength voltage VFSUint. This internal voltage VFSUint is used for AM IF noise blanker, adjacent channel and multi path detection and is available at PIN27 (FSU) in a range of 0V to 5V. The offset and slope of FSU signal can be adjusted via IIC-bus (FSWO and SL) for application adaptation. The voltage VFSWO including offset adjust is externally filtered at PIN37 (FSWO) and used for weak signal mute function and generation of ISS filter control signals in weak signal condition. It is possible to combine the IF counter result with this voltage VFSWO by programmable comparator threshold (SSTH). 27/76 Functional description TDA7541 Adjacent channel detector The input of the adjacent channel detector is AC coupled from VFSW. A programmable high-pass or band-pass (ACF) as well as rectifier generate a signal which is compared with adjustable threshold (ACTH). The output signals of this comparator is controlling the charge and discharge of the external capacitor at PIN30 or PIN31 (dependent on SEEK) with programmable discharge current (TISS). The level at PIN30/31 is used to generate the two digital signal ac and ac+ for ISS control. The adjacent channel information behind the rectifier is available as analog output signal at the multiplexer output (PIN23). Multipath detector The input of the multi path detector is AC coupled from internal VFSW too. After filtering with 19 kHz band-pass and rectifying, this voltage is compared with an adjustable threshold (MPTH). The output signal of this comparator can be used to switch off the adjacent channel detection. This influence is selectable by I2C Bus (MPENA). The multi path information behind the rectifier is available as analog output signal at multiplexer output (PIN23). 450 kHz IF narrow band pass filter (ISS filter) The device has an additional 450 kHz IF narrow band-pass filter for suppression of noise and adjacent channel signal influences. This narrow filter has three switchable bandwidths, narrow range of 80 kHz, mid range of 120 kHz and 24 kHz for weather band information. Without ISS (Intelligent Selectivity System) filter the IF bandwidth (wide range) is defined only by ceramic filter chain and mixer2 bandwidth. The filter is located between mixer2 output buffer and 450 kHz limiter stage. The centre frequency is matched to the demodulator centre frequency. Deviation detector In order to avoid distortion in audio output signal the narrow ISS filter is switched OFF if over deviation is present. Hence the demodulator output signal is detected. After AC coupling, low-pass filtering and peak rectifying this signal is charging/discharging the external DEVTC capacitor by an IIC programmable charge/discharge current (TDEV). The voltage at DEVTC is compared with adjustable thresholds (DWTH, DTH) and generates two digital control signals (dev, dev+). For weak signal condition the deviation threshold depends on FSWO. ISS switch logic All digital control signals coming from adjacent channel detector, deviation detector and weak signal mute are acting via switching matrix on ISS filter switch. IF2 narrow band-pass switch mode is controlled also by software (ISSENA, ISSON, WBON, ISSBW, and BWDEF). The switching of the IF band-pass is also possible to influence by external manipulation of DC voltage at PIN30. The influence of the ISS software control on the functionality of the ISS filter is described in Table 10. The value "X" for the control bit means the bit does not influence the filter control in this condition. 28/76 TDA7541 Table 10. ISS filter control by I2C bus Functional description I2C control bits ISSENA adr4/d2 ISSON adr11/d0 WBON adr11/d1 BWDEF adr7/d1 ISSBW adr7/d0 ISSM adr9/d7 Notes 0 1 1 1 1 1 X 1 1 1 0 0 X 0 1 X X X X X X 1 X X X X X X 0 1 X X X X 0 0 ISS filter is switched off (bypass) ISS filter is in manual control mode, Band width is 120 kHz ISS filter is in manual control mode, Band width is 80 kHz ISS filter is in manual control mode, Band width is 24 kHz This setting must be used for weather band application ISS filter is in automatic control mode Filter activation and band width defined by control table mode1 ISS filter is in automatic control mode Filter activation and band width defined by control table mode2 ISS filter is in automatic control mode Filter activation defined by control table mode1 band width fixed to 120 kHz ISS filter is in automatic control mode Filter activation defined by control table mode2 band width fixed to 120 kHz ISS filter is in automatic control mode Filter activation defined by control table mode1 band width fixed to 80 kHz ISS filter is in automatic control mode Filter activation defined by control table mode2 band width fixed to 80 kHz 1 0 0 X 0 1 1 0 0 X 1 1 1 0 1 X 0 1 1 0 1 X 1 1 Description of I2C bits: ISSENA ISS filter enable "1": ISS filter control enabled "0": ISS filter is switched off (bypass of the filter, wide) ISSON ISS filter control mode "1": ISS filter is in manual control mode (switched "ON"); the bits ISSBW and WBON are defining the bandwidth "0": ISS filter is in automatic control mode according to mode1/2 table ISSBW ISS filter band width "1": 80 kHz 29/76 Functional description "0": 120 kHz The bit has only influence if bit BWENA is "1", or if bit ISSON is "1" WBON Weather band enable TDA7541 "1": Weather band enable (FMmixer1 is disabled, Wbmixer1enabled, stereo decoder gain 26dB, ISS filter bandwidth 24 kHz,IF2Q="00") "0": Weather band disable For weather band enable it is need to set ISSON = "1" ISSM ISS filter application mode "0": ISS filter application mode1 "1": ISS filter application mode2 If BWENA is "1" the band width is always switched to ISSBW in case of ISS filter activated BWDEF Enable bit ISSBW for ISS filter band with control "1": ISS filter is internally controlled, but band width is defined by bit ISSBW "0": ISS filter is internally controlled, band width is defined by mode1/2 table For the internal control two application modes are available (ISSM). The conditions and settings are described in Table 10 and Table 11. 4.1.4 Block diagram quality detection principle (without overdeviation correction) Table 11. Signal Ac ac+ Sm Dev dev+ Inton int80 Internal ISS control signals Low No adjacent channel No strong adjacent channel Field strength higher as weak signal mute threshold Deviation lower as threshold DWTH Deviation lower as threshold DTH*DWTH ISS filter off by logic (wide) ISS filter 120kHz (mid) High Adjacent channel present Adjacent channel higher as ac Field strength lower as weak signal mute threshold Deviation higher as threshold DWTH Deviation higher as threshold DTH*DWTH ISS filter on by logic ISS filter 80kHz (narrow) 30/76 TDA7541 Table 12. ISS control modes Input signals ac 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 ac+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 sm 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 dev 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 dev+ 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 inton 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 Mode1 int80 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Function wide wide wide narrow wide wide narrow narrow mid mid Functional description Mode2 inton 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 int80 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 Function wide wide wide narrow mid wide Mid Narrow Mid Narrow 4.1.5 Weak signal mute The filtered field strength signal (FSWO) is the reference for soft slope mute control in weak signal condition to eliminate audible effects. The start point and mute depth are programmable (WMTH, WMD) in a wide range. These settings together with FSWO bits are influencing the weak signal mute behaviour. The time constant is defined by external capacitance at PIN 42. Additional adjacent channel mute function is supported. A high pass filter with -3dB threshold frequency of 100 kHz, amplifier and peak rectifier generates an adjacent noise signal from Demodulator output. This value is compared with adjustable threshold (ACMTH). For present strong adjacent channel the MPX signal is additional attenuated (ACMD) and has the same time constant as weak signal mute. 4.1.6 Weather band input If the weather band input is used the chip must be set in FM mode (FMON). In addition to that the ISS filter must be switched ON (ISSENA), mixer2 quality must set to IF2Q="00" and the ISS filter must be set in manual control mode. The bit WBON is activating the WB input and is switching the ISS filter in WB mode (24 kHz band width). 4.2 AM section The up/down conversion in AM signal path is combined with gain control circuit sensing three input signals, narrow band information (DAGC) referred to PIN 56, up conversion signal (IFAGC) at PIN 61 and wide band information (RFAGC) at PIN 3.This gain control gives two output signals. The first one is a current for pin diode attenuator and the second one is a voltage for preamplifier. Time constant of RF- and IF-AGC is defined by internal 100k resistor and external capacitor at PIN 54. The intervention points for AGC (DAGC, IFAGC and RFAGC) are programmable by software. The oscillator frequency for upconversion mixer1 is generated by dividing the VCO frequency after VCO divider (VCOD) and AM predivider (AMD). Two 10,7MHz ceramic filters before mixer2 input increase 900KHz attenuation. 31/76 Functional description The AMIF2 block contains mixer2, IF2 amplifier, demodulator and AGC2 TDA7541 The AM/FM mixer2 converts 10.7MHz IF1 into 450 kHz IF2. Mixer2 output passes a 450 kHz narrow band filter (LC plus ceramic filter). LC centre frequency is adjustable by IIC-bus (IF2A). The following IF2 amplifier provides signal for fully integrated demodulator. Mixer2 and IF2 amplifier have a 2-stage AGC with careful take-over behaviour to keep distortion low. The IF2 AGC range is about 55dB. The input signal of IF2 amplifier is used in limiter circuit for in-band level detection. The electrical characteristics are described in FM section. The demodulator is a peak detector to generate the audio output signal. At the MUX output the AMIF stereo is available. AM IF noise blanker In order to remove in AM short spikes a noise cancellation conception is used in 450KHz IF AM level. The advantage is to avoid long narrow AGC- and demodulator- time constants, which enlarge spike influences on audio signal and makes difficult to remove it in audio path. The 10,7MHz AM IF signal behind IF1 amplifier generates via limitation an unweighted field strength signal including slope of noise spike. The comparison of this detected slope between fast and slow rectifier ignores audio modulation whereby the threshold of slow rectifier is programmable (AINBT). A comparator activates a pulse generator. The duration of this pulse is software programmable (AINT) and is smooth blanking out the spikes in mixer2. 4.3 4.3.1 Stereo decoder Decoder The stereo decoder-part of the TDA7541 contains all functions necessary to demodulate the MPX-signal, like pilot tone-dependent MONO/STEREO switching as well as the stereo blend and high cut. Adaptations like programmable input gain, roll-off compensation, selectable deemphasis time constant and a programmable field strength input allow easy adoption to different applications. The 4.th order input filter has a corner frequency of 80 kHz and is used to attenuate spikes and noise and acts as an anti-aliasing filter for the following switch capacitor filters. Demodulator In the demodulator block the left and the right channel are separated from the MPX-signal. In this stage also the 19-kHz pilot tone is canceled. For reaching a high channel separation the TDA7541 offers an I2C bus programmable roll-off adjustment, which is able to compensate the low pass behavior of the tuner section. Within the compensation range an adjustment to obtain about 40dB channel separation is possible. The bits for this adjustment are located together with the level gain adjustment in one byte. This gives the possibility to perform an optimization step during the production of the car radio where the channel separation and the field strength control are trimmed. In addition to that the FM signal can be inverted. 32/76 TDA7541 Functional description Deemphasis and high cut The deemphasis low pass allows to choose between a time constant of 50s/75s (DEEMP). The high cut control range will be in both cases THC = 2 x TDeemp. Inside the high cut control range (between VHCHT and VHCLT) the LEVEL signal is converted into a 5-bit word, which controls the low pass time constant between TDeemp...3 x TDeemp. Thereby the resolution will remain 5 bits referred to the voltage range between the VHCHT- and minimum VHCLT-values. The high cut function can be switched off by I2C-bus. Figure 3. Programming of HC filter High Cut Filter Time Constant 00 3*TDeemp 11 HCMax 01 TDeemp VFSTC* LG VHCLT VHCHT In AM mode (FMON = 0) the DEEMP bit together with the AM corner frequency bits (AMCF) can be used as programmable AM frequency response. The maximum corner frequency is defined by TDeemp, the minimum is defined by 3 x TDeemp For the over all frequency response it is need to take into account the frequency response of the AF output at MPXOUT and the Stereo decoder demodulator too. 19 kHz PLL and pilot tone detector The PLL has the task to lock on the 19 kHz pilot tone during a stereo-transmission to allow a correct demodulation. The included pilot tone-detector enables the demodulation if the pilot tone reaches the selected pilot tone threshold VPTHST. Two different thresholds are available. The status of the detector output can be checked by reading the status byte of the TDA7541 via I2C bus or by reading the STEREO status at MUX pin23. Field strength control The field strength input is used to control the high cut- and the stereo blend-function. In addition the signal can be also used to control the noise blanker thresholds and as input for the multipath detector. LEVEL input and gain As level input for the stereo decoder is used the FSU voltage (pin27). Applying a capacitor at FSTC (pin28) a desired time constant can by reached together with the internal resistor of 10k between FSU pin and FSTC pin. The second stage is a programmable gain stage to adapt the VFSTC signal internally. The gain (LG) is widely programmable in 16 steps from 0dB to 8.25dB (step=0.55dB). These 4 bits are located together with the Roll-Off 33/76 Functional description TDA7541 compensation bits in byte14 to simplify a possible adaptation during the production of the car radio. Stereo blend control The stereo blend control block converts the internal LEVEL-voltage into a demodulator compatible analog signal, which is used to control the channel separation between 0dB and the maximum separation. Internally this control range has a fixed upper limit, which is the internal reference voltage VREF1. The lower limit can be programmed between 29 and 58% of VREF1 in 4% steps. In order to adjust the external voltage VFSTC to the internal control range two values must be defined: the Level gain LG and VSBL. Full channel separation is reached when the internal level voltage (VST) becomes bigger than VREF1. Therefore the following equation can be used to estimate the gain: V REF1 LG = ---------------------------------------------------V FSTC @ fullstereo The MONO-voltage VMO (0dB channel separation) can be chosen selecting SBC. Figure 4. Programming of stereo blend Highcut control The high cut control set-up is similar to the stereo blend control set-up: the starting point VHCH can be set with 2 bits to be 42, 50, 58 or 66% of VREF1 whereas the range can be set to be 11, 18.3, 25.7 or 33% of VHCH. 4.3.2 Noise blanker In the automotive environment spikes produced for example by the ignition or the wipermotor disturb the MPX-signal. The aim of the noise blanker part is to cancel the audible influence of the spikes. Therefore the output of the stereo decoder is held at the actual voltage for a time between 22ms and 38ms (programmable). In a first stage the spikes must be detected but to avoid a wrong triggering on high frequency (white) noise a complex trigger control is implemented. Behind the trigger stage a pulse former generates the "blanking"-pulse. An own biasing circuit supplies the noise blanker in order to avoid any cross talk to the signal path. Trigger path The incoming FM demodulator output signal is taken in front of the weak signal mute, high pass filtered, amplified and rectified. This second order high pass filter has a corner- 34/76 TDA7541 Functional description frequency of 140 kHz. The rectified signal, VRECT, is low pass filtered to generate a signal called VPEAK. Noise with a frequency above 140 kHz increases the VPEAK voltage. The resulting voltage can be adjusted by use of the noise rectifier discharge current. The VPEAK voltage is fed to a threshold generator, which adds to the VPEAK voltage a DC threshold VTH. Both signals, VRECT and VPEAK+VTH are fed to a comparator, which triggers a retriggerable monoflop. The output of the monoflop activates the sample-and-hold circuit in the signal path for the selected duration. Automatic noise controlled threshold adjustment There are mainly two independent possibilities for programming the trigger threshold: 1. 2. Low threshold in 8 steps (NBLT) Noise adjusted threshold in 4 steps (NBCT). The low threshold is active in combination with a good MPX signal without any noise; the VPEAK voltage is less than 1V. The sensitivity in this operation is high. If the MPX signal is noisy (low field strength) the VPEAK voltage increases due to the higher noise, which is also rectified. With increasing of the VPEAK voltage the trigger threshold increases, too. This particular gain is programmable in 4 steps (NBCT). Figure 5. Adaptive threshold control of noise blanker VTH 1200 mV (00) 950 mV (01) 700 mV (10) 450 mV (11) Noise Controlled Trig. Threshold Min. Trig. Threshold 200 mV 8 STEPS 147 mV 0.8 V 1.5 V V Peak Automatic stereo blend controlled threshold adjustment Besides the noise controlled threshold adjustment there is an additional possibility for influencing the noise blanker trigger threshold using the bits NBFC. This influence depends on the stereo blend control. The point where the MPX signal starts to become noisy is fixed by the RF part. This point is also the starting point of the normal noise-controlled trigger adjustment. But in some cases the noise blanker can create a wrong triggering, which create distortion, already in the region of mono/stereo transition. Therefore an opportunity to control the VPEAK voltage by the stereo blend function it is implemented. 35/76 Functional description Figure 6. Stereo blend controlled threshold adjust VPEAK TDA7541 MONO STEREO 3V 2.0V (00) 1.6V (01) 1.4V (10) NOISE ATC_SB OFF (11) 0.8V noisy signal good signal E' Automatic deviation controlled threshold adjustment If the system is tuned to stations with a high deviation the noise blanker can trigger on the higher frequencies of the modulation. To avoid this wrong behavior, which causes noise in the output signal, the noise blanker offers a deviation-dependent threshold adjustment. By rectifying the MPX signal a further signal representing the actual deviation is obtained. It is used to increase the PEAK voltage. The gain of this circuit is programmable in 3 steps (NBDC) of the stereo decoder-byte (the first step turns off the detector). Figure 7. Deviation controlled threshold adjust VPEAK [V ] OP 00 2.0 01 1.5 10 1.0 0.8 11 Detector off 20 32.5 45 75 DEVIATION [KHz] Multipath influence on noise blanker To react on high repetitive spikes caused by a Multipath-situation, the discharge-time of the VPEAK voltage can be decreased depending on the voltage-level at Pin MPTC. There are two ways to do this. a) Switch on the linear influence of the Multipath-Level on the PEAK-signal . In this case the discharge slew rate is 1V/ms. The slew rate is measured with RDischarge=infinite and VMPTC=2.5V Activate a function, which switches to the 18k discharge resistor if the MultipathLevel is below 2.5V. If multipath influence on noise blanker is switched ON than MPF bit has to be set to 0. b) 36/76 TDA7541 Functional description Noise blanker in AM mode In AM mode the noise blanker is activated if a spike on the audio signal is bigger than a fixed threshold. In order to blank the whole spike in AM mode the hold time of the S&H circuit is much longer than in FM mode (640s -1,2ms). It is not recommended to use the AM noise blanker without to use the AMIF noise blanker inside the tuner. 4.3.3 Functional description of the multipath detector Using the internal multi path detector the audible effects of a multi path condition can be minimized. A multi path condition is detected by rectifying the 19 kHz spectrum in the field strength signal. An external capacitor is used to define the attack- and decay-times. The MPTC pin is used as detector output connected to a capacitor. Using this configuration an external adaptation to the user's requirement is possible without affecting the "normal" field strength input (FSTC) for the stereo decoder. To keep the old value of the multi path detector during an alternative frequency jump, the MPFAST bit can disconnect the external capacitor. Selecting MPINT the channel separation is automatically reduced during a multipath condition according to the voltage appearing at the MPTC pin. To obtain a good multipath performance an adaptation is necessary. Therefore the gain of the 19 kHz-band pass is programmable in four steps (MPG) and the rectifier gain is programmable in four steps (MPRG). The attack- and decay-times can be set by the external capacitor value and the multipath detector charge current MPCC. 4.3.4 Quality detector The TDA7541 offers a quality detector output, which gives a voltage representing the FMreception conditions. To calculate this voltage the MPX-noise and the multipath-detector output are summed according to the following formula: V Qual = 0.8 b ( V PEAK - 0.8 ) + a ( V REF1 - V MPTC ) The VPEAK signal is described in noise blanker session. The factor 'a' can be programmed from 0.6 to 1.05 (QDC) and the factor b can be programmed from 6dB to 15dB (QNG). The quality output voltage can be read at the MUX pin. The MUX pin is a low impedance output and is able to drive external circuitry as well as simply fed to an AD-converter for RDS applications. 4.3.5 AFS control and stereo decoder mute In case of AFS (alternative frequency search) jump it is recommended to set the stereo decoder in mute condition (SDM) and in addition to set the SEEK mode. Since these two bits are placed in the first written byte, this can be done in the same write cycle as the PLL jump. The stereo decoder mute is high impedance mute, which means the charge on the coupling capacitor will be kept. Simultaneously the pilot detector circuit of the stereo decoder is switched into hold mode. The SEEK mode is switching the multi path detector into fast mode. The external capacitor at MPTC is disconnected from multipath detector which keeps the stereo blend condition, but makes the quality information in fast mode available at the MUX pin. 37/76 Functional description TDA7541 4.4 4.4.1 PLL and IF counter section PLL frequency synthesizer block This part contains a frequency synthesizer and a loop filter for radio tuning system. Only one VCO is required to build a complete PLL system for FM world tuning and AM up conversion. VCO and dividers The varactor tuned LC oscillator together with the dividers provides the local oscillator signal for both AM and FM front-end mixers. The VCO has an operating frequency of approximately 160MHz to 260MHz. In FM mode the VCO frequency is divided (VCOD) by 1, 2 or 3. These dividers generate in-phase and quadrature-phase output signals using in FM mixer for image rejection. In AM mode the divided VCO frequency is additional predivided (AMD) by 4, 6, 8 or 10 dependent on selected AM band. PLL frequency generation for phase comparison The VCO divided signals applies a two modulus counter (32/33), which is controlled by a 5bit A-divider. The 5-bit register (PC0 to PC4) controls this divider. In parallel the output of the swallow counter is connected to an 11-bit B-divider. The 11-bit PC register (PC5 to PC15) controls this divider. Dividing range behind VCO divider: VCOdiv = [ 32 * B + A + 32 ] * REF Important: For correct operation: A 32; B A Crystal oscillator The crystal oscillator provides 10.25MHz signal for conversion from IF1 to IF2 as well as switching signals for ISS- and quality detection filter. Furthermore reference dividers generate from adjustable crystal frequency (XTAL) reference frequencies for the tuning PLL, IF counter and FM demodulator. The various reference frequencies fREF of PLL (RC) can be chosen by IIC-bus. Three state phase comparator The phase comparator generates a phase error signal according to phase difference between fSYN and fREF. This phase error signal drives the charge pump current generator. Charge pump current generator This system generator signed pulses of current. The phase error signal decides the duration and polarity of those pulses. The current absolute values are programmable by register ICP. In lock detector After reaching a phase difference about lower than 40nsec the inlock detector is automatically switching the charge-pump in low current mode (LDENA). 38/76 TDA7541 Functional description Low noise CMOS op-amp An internal voltage divider at pin19 connects the positive input of the low noise op-amp. The charge pump output connects the negative input. This internal amplifier in cooperation with external components can provide an active filter. The negative input is switchable to two input pins, to increase the flexibility in application. While the high current mode is activated LPHC output is switched on. Antenna DAC For tuning of FM antenna tank circuit two different modes are available (TVM). One is the auto-alignment measurement of VCO tuning voltage with offset of 8-bit DAC (TVO). The other one is an adjustment of 8-bit DAC independent on PLL tracking. For big differences between VCO tuning voltage and antenna tank control voltage an additional constant offset voltage can be switched to antenna circuit (TVO+). 4.4.2 IF counter block The aim of IF counter is it to measure the intermediate frequency of the tuner. The input signals are the output level of 10.7MHz IF-limiter in FM and output level of 450KHz IF-limiter in AM. The grade of integration is adjustable by different measuring cycle times (IFS). The tolerance of the accepted count value is adjustable too (EW), to reach an optimum compromise for search speed and precision of the evaluation. Sampling timer A sampling timer generates the gate signal for the main counter. The basically sampling time are in FM 6.25 kHz (tTIM=160 s) and in AM 1 kHz (tTIM=1ms). This is followed by an asynchronous divider to generate several sampling times. Intermediate frequency main counter This counter is an 11 - 21-bit synchronous auto reload down counter. The counter length is automatic adjusted to the chosen sampling time and the counter mode (FM or AM). At the start the counter will be loaded with a defined value which is an equivalent to the divider value (tSample x fIF). If a correct frequency is applied to the IF counter frequency input at the end of the sampling time the main counter is changing its state. This is detected by control logic and an external search stop output is changing from LOW to HIGH. The IF counter is started only by the in lock information from the PLL part. 4.5 I2C bus interface The TDA7541 supports the I2C bus protocol. This protocol defines any device that sends data onto the bus as a transmitter, and the receiving device as the receiver. The device that controls the transfer is a master and device being controlled is the slave. The master will always initiate data transfer and provide the clock to transmit or receive operations. 39/76 Functional description TDA7541 Data transition Data transition on the SDA line must only occur when the clock SCL is LOW. SDA transitions while SCL is HIGH will be interpreted as START or STOP condition. Start condition A start condition is defined by a HIGH to LOW transition of the SDA line while SCL is at a stable HIGH level. This "START" condition must precede any command and initiate a data transfer onto the bus. The device continuously monitors the SDA and SCL lines for a valid START and will not response to any command if this condition has not been met. Stop condition A STOP condition is defined by a LOW to HIGH transition of the SDA while the SCL line is at a stable HIGH level. This condition terminates the communication between the devices and forces the bus-interface of the device into the initial condition. Acknowledge Indicates a successful data transfer. The transmitter will release the bus after sending 8 bits of data. During the 9th clock cycle the receiver will pull the SDA line to LOW level to indicate it receives the eight bits of data. Data transfer During data transfer the device samples the SDA line on the leading edge of the SCL clock. Therefore, for proper device operation the SDA line must be stable during the SCL LOW to HIGH transition. Device addressing To start the communication between two devices, the bus master must initiate a start instruction sequence, followed by an eight bit word corresponding to the address of the device it is addressing. The most significant 6 bits of the slave address are the device type identifier. The TDA7541 device type is fixed as "110001". The next significant bit is used to address a particular device of the previous defined type connected to the bus. The state of the hardwired PIN 57 defines the state of this address bit. Using this feature up to two devices could be connected on the same bus. When PIN 57 is connected to VCC via an external resistor of about 82k the address bit "1" is selected. Please note: in this case the AM part doesn't work. Otherwise the address bit "0" is selected (FM and AM is working). Therefore a double FM tuner concept is possible. The last bit of the start instruction defines the type of operation to be performed: - - When set to "1", a read operation is selected When set to "0", a write operation is selected The TDA7541 connected to the bus will compare their own hardwired address with the slave address being transmitted, after detecting a START condition. After this comparison, the TDA7541 will generate an "acknowledge" on the SDA line and will do either a read or a write operation according to the state of R/W bit. 40/76 TDA7541 Functional description Write operation Following a START condition the master sends a slave address word with the R/W bit set to "0". The device will generate an "acknowledge" after this first transmission and will wait for a second word (the word address field). This 8-bit address field provides an access to any of the 32 internal addresses. Upon receipt of the word address the TDA7541 slave device will respond with an "acknowledge". At this time, all the following words transmitted to the TDA7541 will be considered as Data. The internal address will be automatically incremented. After each word receipt the TDA7541 will answer with an "acknowledge". Read operation If the master sends a slave address word with the R/W bit set to "1", the TDA7541 will transmit one 8-bit data word. This data word includes the following informations. bit0 (ISS filter, 1 = ON, 0 = OFF) bit1 (ISS filter bandwidth, 1 = 80kHz, 0 = 120kHz) bit2 (STEREO, 1 = STEREO, 0 = MONO) bit3 (1 = PLL is locked in, 0 = PLL is locked out). bit4 (fieldstrength indicator, 1 = lower as softmute threshold, 0 = higher as softmute threshold) bit5 (adjacent channel indicator, 1 = adjacent channel present, 0 = no adjacent channel) bit6 (deviation indicator, 1 = strong overdeviation present, 0 = no strong overdeviation) bit7 (deviation indicator, 1 = overdeviation present, 0 = no overdeviation) 41/76 Software specification TDA7541 5 Software specification 7.1 Chip address and overview The interface protocol comprises: - - - - - - start condition (S) - chip address byte - sub address byte - sequence of data (N bytes + Acknowledge) - stop condition (P) Receive mode S 1 1 0 0 0 1 D 0 ACK 0 0 I A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 ACK DATABYTEACK P Transmission mode S S P 1 1 0 0 0 1 D 1 ACK R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1 S0 ACK P = Start = Stop ACK = Acknowledge D I A R = Device address = Auto increment mode = Sub address = Read bit 5.1 Table 13. Address organization Address organization Addr 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 D7 SEEK PC7 PC15 TVO7 FMON AMD7 LNA7 TISS7 MPTH7 ISSM SSTH7 D6 ASFC PC6 PC14 TVO6 EW6 AMD6 LNA6 TISS6 MPTH6 DTH6 SSTH6 D5 LM PC5 PC13 TVO5 EW5 RC5 DAGC5 TISS5 MPAC DTH5 SSTH5 D4 SDM PC4 PC12 TVO4 IFS4 RC4 DAGC4 ACTH4 MPENA DWTH4 SSTH4 D3 LDENA PC3 PC11 TVO3 IFS3 RC3 IFAGC3 ACTH3 ACMD DWTH3 D2 ICP2 PC2 PC10 TVO2 ISSENA VCOD2 IFAGC2 ACF D1 ICP1 PC1 PC9 TVO1 TVO+ VCOD1 RFAGC1 BWDEF D0 ICP0 PC0 PC8 TVO0 TVM VCOD0 RFAGC0 ISSBW ACMTH0 TDEV0 MUX0 Function T PLL chargepump T PLL counter T PLL counter T TV T TV/IF counter T PLL divider T AGC T Quality AC T Quality ACM/MP T Quality DEV T Quality MUX/FSU ACMTH2 ACMTH1 TDEV2 TDEV1 MUX1 42/76 TDA7541 Table 13. Address organization (continued) Addr 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 T SD Tuner Stereo decoder Software specification Function T Weak signal mute T AM IF NB T XTAL adjust T IF adjust T IQ adjust/Switch T FM keying AGC SD Roll off SD Stereo blend SD High cut SD MP SD quality SD Audio NB I SD Audio NB II SD Testing T PLL/IFC Testing T Testing T Testing T Testing T Testing Not used Not used D7 WMD7 IFAGCS SL7 IF1G7 DSB7 FSWO7 LG7 AMCF7 DEEMP MS NBFC7 NBCT7 D6 WMD6 AINT6 SL6 IF1G6 DSB6 FSWO6 LG6 AMCF6 HCLT6 MPFAST NBFC6 NBCT6 PCM D5 WMD5 AINT5 SL5 IF2Q5 SWM RFK LG5 AMCF5 HCLT5 MPINT NBDC5 NBLT5 VCON D4 WMTH4 AINTH4 XTAL4 IF2Q4 SW KAGC4 LG4 ASI HCHT4 MPCC NBDC4 NBLT4 NBSMP D3 WMTH3 AINTH3 XTAL3 IF2A3 PH3 KAGC3 ROC3 PTH HCHT3 MPRG3 QNG3 NBLT3 NBMP D2 WMTH2 AINTH2 XTAL2 IF2A2 PH2 KAGC2 ROC2 SBC2 D1 WBON AINTH1 XTAL1 IF2A1 PH1 ODCUR ROC1 SBC1 D0 ISSON AINENA XTAL0 IF2A0 PH0 ODENA ROC0 SBC0 HCENA MPG0 QDC0 NBENA NBPC HCMAX2 HCMAX1 MPRG2 QNG2 NBT2 NBRR2 MPG1 QDC1 NBT1 NBRR1 EWEXP IFSEXP 1 1 1 1 1 1 Data bytes which are unused or dedicated for testing only don't need to be written, because they are set internally to FEH (power on reset condition). But if somebody it writing these bytes they must be written to FEH, otherwise some malfunction of the chip can happen. 43/76 Software specification TDA7541 5.2 Control register function Table 14. Register Name ACF ACMD ACMTH ACTH AINENA AINT AINTH AMCF AMD ASFC ASI BWDEF DAGC DEEMP DSB DTH DWTH EW EWEXP FMON FSWO HCENA HCHT HCLT HCMAX ICP IF1G IF2A IF2Q IFAGC IFAGCS IFS Adjacent channel detector filter select Adjacent channel mute depth Adjacent channel mute threshold Adjacent channel detector threshold AM IF noise blanker enable AM IF noise blanking time AM IF noise blanker threshold Stereo decoder attenuation @ 3.5kHz AM VCO predivider Alternative station frequency check in FM (AGC and weak signal mute on hold) Audio signal inversion Enables bit ISSBW for ISS bandwidth control AM narrow band AGC threshold Stereo decoder deemphasis FM demodulator spike blanker Deviation detector threshold for ISS filter "OFF" Deviation detector threshold for ISS filter 120KHz IF counter frequency error window Expanded IF counter error window Internal switch FM-AM mode Weighted fieldstrength with offset adjust High cut enable Start level high cut Stop level high cut Maximum high cut depth Charge pump current tuner PLL IF1 Amplifier Gain IF2 LC band pass fine adjust IF2 LC band pass quality adjust FM/AM IF AGC threshold AM IFAGC threshold shift IF counter sampling time I2C control bit description Function 44/76 TDA7541 Table 14. Register Name IFSEXP ISSBW ISSENA ISSON ISSM KAGC LDENA LG LM LNA MPAC MPCC MPENA Expanded IF counter sampling time ISS filter band width select ISS filter enable ISS filter control mode ISS filter application mode FM keying AGC Lock detector enable tuner PLL Stereo decoder level gain adjust FM local mode enable AM LNA Pin/FET mode Software specification I2C control bit description (continued) Function Influence tuner multi path detection on adjacent channel behavior Stereo decoder multi path detector charge current Tuner multi path detector influence on adjacent channel enable MPFAST Fast mode of multi path information at quality pin MPG MPINT MPRG MPTH MS MUX NBENA NBCT NBDC NBFC NBLT NBMP NBPC NBRR NBSMP NBT ODCUR ODENA PC PCM Multi path detector gain Stereo decoder multi path internal influence enable Stereo decoder multi path detector rectifier gain Tuner multi path detector threshold Mono/Stereo switch fixed ("Forced Mono") Output multiplexer for MUX pin Audio noise blanker enable Audio noise blanker noise controlled threshold Audio noise blanker deviation control Audio noise blanker field strength control Audio noise blanker low threshold Stereo decoder multi path influence on peak discharge current Audio noise blanker peak charge current Audio noise blanker rectifier discharge resistor Strong multi path influence on audio noise blanker Audio noise blanker time constant Current for over deviation correction Over deviation correction enable Tuner PLL counter Pilot cancellation mode 45/76 Software specification Table 14. Register Name PH PTH QDC QNG RC RFAGC RFK ROC SBC SDM SEEK SL SSTH SW SWM TDEV TISS TVM TVO TVO+ VCOD VCON WBON WMD WMTH XTAL IQ mixer phase adjust Pilot detector threshold Stereo decoder quality detector coefficient Stereo decoder quality noise gain Tuner PLL reference counter FM/AM RF AGC threshold FM RF keying AGC Stereo decoder roll off compensation Stereo blend control Stereo decoder mute enable TDA7541 I2C control bit description (continued) Function FM: FMON = 1, ISS time constant change / AM: FMON = 0, AGC2 time constant change S meter slope Field strength threshold for seek stop Free programmable switch Free programmable switch mode Time constant for deviation detector Time constant for ISS filter "ON"/"OFF" Tuning voltage offset mode Tuning voltage offset Additional fixed tuning voltage offset Tuner VCO divider STD VCO "ON/OFF" Weather band mode (ISS filter band width 24 kHz) Weak signal mute depth Weak signal mute start point threshold Xtal frequency fine adjust 46/76 TDA7541 Software specification 5.3 Table 15. MSB Data byte specification Subaddress description LSB Function I A4 0 1 0 1 A3 0 0 A2 0 1 A1 0 1 A0 0 1 Charge pump control Audio noise blanker II Page mode "OFF" Page mode enable Table 16. MSB d7 d6 Addr 0 TPLL charge pump control (0Bh) LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 ICP<2:0> 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Charge pump current = 50A Charge pump current = 0.5mA Charge pump current = 1mA Charge pump current = 1.5mA Charge pump current = 3mA Charge pump current = 3.5mA LDENA Lock detector disable Lock detector enable SDM Stereo decoder mute disable Stereo decoder mute enable LM Local mode disable Local mode enable ASFC Weak signal mute and AGC normal mode in FM Weak signal mute and AGC on hold in FM mode SEEK ISS time constant at pin30 available, AM SEEK "OFF" ISS time constant at pin31 available, AM SEEK "ON" 0 1 0 1 47/76 Software specification Table 17. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7541 Addr 1 TPLL Counter 1 (LSB) LSB Function d0 PC<7:0> 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 LSB = 0 LSB = 1 LSB = 2 LSB = 252 LSB = 253 LSB = 254 LSB = 255 Table 18. MSB d7 d6 Addr 2 TPLL Counter 2 (MSB) LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 PC<15:8> 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 MSB = 0 MSB = 256 MSB = 512 MSB = 64768 MSB = 65024 MSB = 65280 MSB = 65536 Note: Table 19. MSB d7 d6 Swallow mode: fVCO/fSYN = LSB + MSB + 32 Addr 3 TV(00h) LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 TVO<7:0> 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 Tuning Voltage Offset = 0mV TVO = 25mV TVO = 50mV TVO = 3150mV TVO = 3175mV -TVO +TVO - 1 1 0 1 48/76 TDA7541 Table 20. Addr25 d7 d6 Software specification Addr 4 TV/IF Counter (FM ACh , AM 1Ch) MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 LSB Function d0 TVM 0 1 TV is tracking with PLL TV is independing on PLL TVO+ 0 1 Disable additional TV offset Enable additional TV offset + 3.175V ISSENA 0 1 ISS Filter switched off (bypass of filter, wide) ISS filter control enable IFS<4:3> 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 tSample = 20.48ms (FM) 128ms (AM ) tSample = 10.24ms (FM) 64ms (AM ) tSample = 5.12ms (FM) 32ms (AM ) tSample = 2.56ms (FM) 16ms (AM ) tSample = 1.28ms (FM) 8ms (AM ) tSample = 0.64ms (FM) 4ms (AM ) tSample = 0.32ms(FM) 2ms (AM ) tSample = 0.16ms (FM) 1ms (AM ) EW<6:5> f = 12.5kHz (FM) 2kHz (AM) f = 25kHz (FM) 4kHz (AM) f = 50kHz (FM) 8kHz (AM) f = 100kHz (FM) 16kHz (AM) Not valid Not valid Not valid f = 6.25kHz (FM) 1kHz (AM) FMON 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Select AM mode Select FM mode 49/76 Software specification Table 21. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7541 Addr 5 TPLL Divider (FM 3Dh , AM 2Dh) LSB Function d0 VCOD<2:0> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 not valid (only for testing) VCO frequency divided by 2 VCO frequency divided by 3 original VCO frequency VCO "I" signal 0 degree VCO "I" signal 180 degree RC<5:3> 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 PLL reference frequency 2 kHz PLL reference frequency 9 kHz PLL reference frequency 10 kHz (AM) PLL reference frequency 25 kHz PLL reference frequency 50 kHz (FM) AMD<7:6> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 AM VCO predivider ratio 10 AM VCO predivider ratio 8 AM VCO predivider ratio 6 AM VCO predivider ratio 4 50/76 TDA7541 Table 22. Addr 6 AGC (FM 06h, AM 2Ah) LSB Software specification Addr12 MSB d7 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 Function d0 RFAGC<1:0> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 RFAGC threshold FM V8-10= 80dBV, AM V3= 92dBV RFAGC threshold FM V8-10= 84dBV, AM V3= 99dBV RFAGC threshold FM V8-10= 88dBV, AM V3= 102dBV RFAGC threshold FM V8-10= 92dBV, AM V3= 104dBV IFAGC<3:2> 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 IFAGC threshold FM V61= 82dBV , AM V61= 89dBV IFAGC threshold FM V61= 88dBV , AM V61= 95dBV IFAGC threshold FM V61= 91dBV , AM V61= 99dBV IFAGC threshold FM V61= 94dBV , AM V61= 102dBV IFAGC threshold FM V61= 82dBV , AM V61= 79dBV IFAGC threshold FM V61= 88dBV , AM V61= 85dBV IFAGC threshold FM V61= 91dBV , AM V61= 89dBV IFAGC threshold FM V61= 94dBV , AM V61= 92dBV DAGC<5:4> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 DAGC V56= 86dB DAGC V56= 91dB DAGC V56= 95dB DAGC V56= 98dB LNA<7:6> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 I4 = 400uA , V54 = 4,5V , AM LNA Pin/FET mode "OFF" I4 = 400uA + 50uA , V54 = 3,5V I4 = 400uA + 100uA , V54 = 3,5V I4 = 400uA + 150uA , V54 = 3,5V 51/76 Software specification Table 23. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7541 Addr 7 Quality AC (FM 50h) LSB Function d0 ISSBW 0 1 ISS filter fixed band width 120kHz ISS filter fixed band width 80kHz BWDEF 0 1 Disable bit ISSBW for ISS filter band width control Enable bit ISSBW for ISS filter band width control ACF 0 1 AC highpass frequency 100kHz AC bandpass frequency 100kHz ACTH<4:3> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 AC detector threshold 0,35V AC detector threshold 0,45V AC detector threshold 0,55V AC detector threshold 0,65V TISS<7:5> 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 discharge current 1A, charge current mid 74A, narrow 124A discharge current 3A, charge current mid 72A, narrow 122A discharge current 5A, charge current mid 70A, narrow 120A discharge current 7A, charge current mid 68A, narrow 118A discharge current 15A,charge current mid 60A, narrow 110A 52/76 TDA7541 Table 24. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 Software specification Addr 8 Quality ACM/MP (FM 6Ah) LSB Function d0 ACMTH<2:0> 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 AC mute threshold 60mV AC mute threshold 90mV AC mute threshold 150mV AC mute threshold 240mV AC mute OFF ACMD 0 1 Adjacent channel mute depth -4dB Adjacent channel mute depth -6dB MPENA 0 1 Multipath control "ON" Multipath control "OFF" MPAC 0 1 Multipath eliminates ac (MPENA = 0) Multipath eliminates ac and ac+ (MPENA = 0) MPTH<7:6> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 MP threshold 0.50V MP threshold 0.75V MP threshold 1.00V MP threshold 1.25V 53/76 Software specification Table 25. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7541 Addr 9 Quality Dev (FM 49h) LSB Function d0 TDEV<2:0> 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 charge current 39A, discharge current 1 A charge current 38 A, discharge current 2 A charge current 37 A, discharge current 3 A charge current 36 A, discharge current 4 A charge current 33 A, discharge current 7 A charge current 32 A, discharge current 8 A DWTH<4:3> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 DEV threshold for ISS narrow/wide 20kHz DEV threshold for ISS narrow/wide 30kHz DEV threshold for ISS narrow/wide 40kHz DEV threshold for ISS narrow/wide 50kHz DTH<6:5> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 DEV threshold for ISS filter "OFF" ratio 1.5 DEV threshold for ISS filter "OFF" ratio 1.4 DEV threshold for ISS filter "OFF" ratio 1.3 DEV threshold for ISS filter "OFF" ratio 1 ISSM 0 1 ISS filter application mode 1 ISS filter application mode 2 54/76 TDA7541 Table 26. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 Software specification Addr 10 Quality MUX/FSU (FM 0Eh , AM 0Fh) LSB Function d0 MUX<1:0> 0 1 0 1 Detected multipath information at PIN 23 Detected adjacent channel information at PIN 23 Quality information stereo decoder at PIN 23 FMON=1: Stereo indication at PIN 23 FMON=0: AM IF2 signal at PIN 23 Not used Not used SSTH<7:4> SSTOP = IFC (IF counter status) SSTOP = H if IFC = H & FS > (FM: 0.6V / AM: 1.2V) SSTOP = H if IFC = H & FS > SSTOP = H if IFC = H & FS > SSTOP = H if IFC = H & FS > SSTOP = H if IFC = H & FS > (FM: 4.1V / AM: 4.8V) Table 27. MSB d7 d6 Addr 11 Weak Signal Mute (FM A8h) LSB Function d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 ISSON 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 ISS filter internal control ISS filter forced "ON" WBON Weather band disable Weather band enable WMTH<4:2> Startpoint mute 0 Startpoint mute 1 Startpoint mute 2 Startpoint mute 6 Startpoint mute 7 WMD<7:5> Mute depth 0 Mute depth 1 Mute depth 5 Mute depth 7 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 55/76 Software specification Table 28. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7541 Addr 12 AM IF NB (AM B1h) LSB Function d0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 AINENA AM IF noise blanker disable AM IF noise blanker enable AINTH<4:1> not recommended not recommended AM IF NB Threshold 50mV AM IF NB Threshold 62.5mV AM IF NB Threshold 100mV AM IF NB Threshold 187.5mV AINT<6:5> AM IF NB Time 8s AM IF NB Time 11s AM IF NB Time 14s AM IF NB Time 17s IFAGCS Enable AM IFAGC threshold shift down (check address6) Disable AM IFAGC threshold shift down 0 1 Table 29. MSB d7 d6 Addr 13 XTAL adjust(80h) LSB Function d5 d4 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 d3 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 d2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 d1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 d0 XTAL<4:0> 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 CLoad 0pF CLoad 0.75pF CLoad 1.5pF CLoad 2.25pF CLoad 3pF CLoad 22.5pF CLoad 23.25pF SL<7:5> S meter slope FM = 0.75V/20dB, AM = 1.61V/20dB S meter slope FM = 0.80V/20dB, AM = 1.75V/20dB S meter slope FM = 0.85V/20dB, AM = 1.89V/20dB S meter slope FM = 0.90V/20dB, AM = 1.98V/20dB S meter slope FM = 0.95V/20dB, AM = 2.04V/20dB S meter slope FM = 1.0V/20dB, AM = 2.1V/20dB S meter slope FM = 1.05V/20dB, AM = 2.15V/20dB S meter slope FM = 1.1V/20dB, AM = 2.20V/20dB 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 56/76 TDA7541 Table 30. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 Software specification Addr 14 IF2 adjust (FM E8h, AM 08h) LSB Function d0 IF2A<3:0> 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 Cadj 33pF IF2Q<5:4> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 no Rint , AM Q=28/gain=26dB, FM Q=28/gain=16dB Rint =5kOhm, FM Q=3/gain=14dB, BW=150kHz Rint =4,1kOhm, FM Q=2,5/gain=14dB, BW=180kHz Rint =3,3kOhm, FM Q=2,05/gain=14dB, BW=220kHz IF1G<7:6> Cadj 17,6pF Cadj 0pF Cadj 2,2pF Cadj 4,4pF Cadj 6,6pF Cadj 8,8pF 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 IF1 gain 9dB (AM) IF1 gain 12dB IF1 gain 17dB IF1 gain 21dB (FM) 57/76 Software specification Table 31. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7541 Addr 15 IQ adjust / Switch (FM E7h) LSB Function d0 PH<3:0> 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 7 degree 8 degree SW 0 1 S1 LOW output voltage S1 HIGH output voltage SWM 0 1 S1 emitter output available S1 open collector output available DSB<7:6> -7 degree -6 degree -5 degree 0 degree 1 degree 2 degree 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 FM demodulator spike cancelation "OFF" Threshold for FM demodulator spike cancelation 630mV Threshold for FM demodulator spike cancelation 400mV Threshold for FM demodulator spike cancelation 520mV 58/76 TDA7541 Table 32. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 Software specification Addr 16 FM keying AGC (FM 1Dh) LSB Function d0 ODENA 0 1 Over deviation correction disable Over deviation correction enable ODCUR 0 1 over deviation correction current max=45A over deviation correction current max=90A KAGC<4:2> 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 KAGC threshold 3,60* V48 /5 KAGC threshold 3,65* V48 /5 KAGC threshold 3,70* V48 /5 KAGC threshold 3,75* V48 /5 KAGC threshold 3,80* V48 /5 KAGC threshold 3,85* V48 /5 KAGC threshold 3,90* V48 /5 Keying AGC "OFF" RFK 0 1 RF keying AGC OFF RF keying AGC ON FSWO<7:6> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 FSW offset OFF FSW offset = -75mV FSW offset = -150mV FSW offset = -192mV 59/76 Software specification Table 33. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7541 Addr 17 Roll off / Level gain (77h) LSB Function d0 ROC<3:0> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Roll-Off compensation 25.8% Roll-Off compensation 24.0% Roll-Off compensation 22.2% Roll-Off compensation 20.5% Roll-Off compensation 18.8% Roll-Off compensation 17.1% Roll-Off compensation 15.4% Roll-Off compensation 13.8% Roll-Off compensation 12.2% Roll-Off compensation 10.6% Roll-Off compensation 9.0% Roll-Off compensation 7.5% Roll-Off compensation 6.0% Roll-Off compensation 4.5 Roll-Off compensation 3,0% Roll-Off compensation 1.6% LG<7:4> 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 Level gain 0dB Level gain 0.55dB Level gain 1.10dB Level gain 3.85dB Level gain 8.25dB 60/76 TDA7541 Table 34. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 Software specification Addr 18 SD Stereoblend / AM corner frequency (0Dh) LSB Function d0 SBC<2:0> 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Stereoblend control at 29% REF5V Stereoblend control at 33% REF5V Stereoblend control at 38% REF5V Stereoblend control at 42% REF5V Stereoblend control at 46% REF5V Stereoblend control at 50% REF5V Stereoblend control at 54% REF5V Stereoblend control at 58% REF5V PTH 0 1 Pilot threshold high Pilot threshold low ASI 0 1 Audio inverter "OFF" Audio inverter "ON" AMCF<7:5> 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 AM attenuation @ 3.5kHz = 6.3dB AM attenuation @ 3.5kHz = 7.9dB AM attenuation @ 3.5kHz = 9.2dB AM attenuation @ 3.5kHz = 13.1dB AM attenuation @ 3.5kHz = 13.8dB 61/76 Software specification Table 35. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7541 Addr 19 SD High cut (2Fh) LSB Function d0 HCENA 0 1 High cut "OFF" High cut "ON" HCMAX<2:1> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Maximum high cut 10dB Maximum high cut 5.5dB Maximum high cut 7.5dB Maximum high cut 8.5dB HCHT<4:3> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Start level high cut @ 42% REF5V Start level high cut @ 50% REF5V Start level high cut @ 58% REF5V Start level high cut @ 66% REF5V HCLT<6:5> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Stop level high cut @ 11% VHCHT Stop level high cut @ 18.3% VHCHT Stop level high cut @ 25.7% VHCHT Stop level high cut @ 33% VHCHT DEEMP 0 1 Deemphasis 50s Deemphasis 75s 62/76 TDA7541 Table 36. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 Software specification Addr 20 SD MP (FM 97h, AM 3Fh) LSB Function d0 MPG<1:0> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Multipath detector gain =6dB Multipath detector gain =12dB Multipath detector gain =9dB Multipath detector gain =10.5dB MPRG<3:2> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Multipath detector rectifier gain =7,6dB Multipath detector rectifier gain =4,6dB Multipath detector rectifier gain =0dB Multipath detector rectifier gain disabled MPCC 0 1 Multipath detector charge current =0,8A Multipath detector charge current =0,4A MPINT 0 1 Multipath detector internal influence "ON" Multipath detector internal influence "OFF" MPFAST 0 1 External time constant (MPTC) enable External time constant (MPTC) disable MS 0 1 Forced MONO MONO/STEREO switch automatically 63/76 Software specification Table 37. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7541 Addr 21 SD Quality (FFM 7Ah, AM FAh) LSB Function d0 QDC<1:0> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Quality detector coefficient a=0,6 Quality detector coefficient a=0,75 Quality detector coefficient a=0,9 Quality detector coefficient a=1,05 QNG<3:2> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Quality noise gain =6dB Quality noise gain =9dB Quality noise gain =12dB Quality noise gain =15dB NBDC<5:4> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Noise blanker deviation adjust 2.0V Noise blanker deviation adjust 1.5V Noise blanker deviation adjust 1.0V Noise blanker deviation adjust "OFF" NBFC<7:6> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Noise blanker field strength adjust 2.0V Noise blanker field strength adjust 1.6V Noise blanker field strength adjust 1.4V Noise blanker field strength adjust "OFF" 64/76 TDA7541 Table 38. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 Software specification Addr 22 SD NB I (FM 05h, AM 04h) LSB Function d0 NBENA 0 1 Audio noise blanker "OFF" Audio noise blanker "ON" NBT<2:1> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Audio noise blanking time 38s Audio noise blanking time 25,5s Audio noise blanking time 32s Audio noise blanking time 22s NBLT<5:3> 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Noise blanker low threshold 280mV Noise blanker low threshold 261mV Noise blanker low threshold 242mV Noise blanker low threshold 223mV Noise blanker low threshold 204mV Noise blanker low threshold 185mV Noise blanker low threshold 166mV Noise blanker low threshold 147mV NBCT<7:6> 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Noise blanker noise controlled threshold 1200mV Noise blanker noise controlled threshold 950mV Noise blanker noise controlled threshold 700mV Noise blanker noise controlled threshold 450mV 65/76 Software specification Table 39. MSB d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 TDA7541 Addr 23 SD NB II (FM E2h, AM C2h) LSB Function d0 NBPC 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Noise blanker peak charge current low Noise blanker peak charge current high NBRR<2:1> Noise rectifier discharge resistor = infinite Noise rectifier discharge resistor =56K Noise rectifier discharge resistor =33K Noise rectifier discharge resistor =18K NBMP Multipath influence on peak discharge "OFF" Multipath influence on peak discharge "ON" (-3V/ms) NBSMP Strong multipath influence on peak discharge "OFF" Strong multipath influence on peak discharge "ON" VCON Stereo decoder VCO "OFF" Stereo decoder VCO "ON" PCM Pilot cancellation mode : always Pilot cancellation mode : if pilot > pilot threshold Not used 0 1 1 Table 40. MSB d7 1 d6 1 Addr 24, 26, 27, 28, 29 testing (FEh) LSB Function d5 1 d4 1 d3 1 d2 1 d1 1 d0 0 Only for testing Table 41. MSB d7 d6 Addr 25 Testing (FEh) LSB Function d5 1 d4 1 d3 1 d2 1 d1 1 d0 0 Only for testing IFSEXP Enable expand mode of IF sampling time (see addr4) Disable expand mode of IF sampling time EWEXP Enable expand mode of error window (see addr4) Disable expand mode of error window 0 1 0 1 66/76 TDA7541 Appendix 6 Appendix Figure 8. Block diagram FM part 67/76 Appendix Figure 9. Block diagram VCO TDA7541 68/76 TDA7541 Figure 10. Block diagram ISS function Appendix 69/76 Appendix Figure 11. Block diagram AM path TDA7541 70/76 TDA7541 Figure 12. Block diagram stereo decoder Appendix MPXOUT MPXIN L R MUX MPTC FSTC Figure 13. Block diagram audio noise blanker MPXIN Stereo decoder S&H NBENA NBT L/R Monoflop FM:22-40s AM:0.3-1.2ms FMON RECT FMON PEAK VTH Deviation detector NBDC Threshold generator NBCT NBLT FMDEMOut 140kHz HPF (2nd. order) Rectifier Integrator discharge control NBPC NBMP NBSMP NBRR Fieldstrenght adjust NBFC FSTC MPTC 71/76 Appendix Figure 14. Block diagram multi path detection for stereo decoder TDA7541 FSTC Attack/Decay Stereo blend Rectifier MPCC MPFAST/ SEEK MPINT MUX FS Bandpass 19kHz internal MPG Rectifier MPRG MPTC 72/76 TDA7541 Preliminary application circuit 7 Preliminary application circuit Figure 15. Application circuit 73/76 Package information TDA7541 8 Package information In order to meet environmental requirements, ST (also) offers these devices in ECOPACK(R) packages. ECOPACK(R) packages are lead-free. The category of second Level Interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. Figure 16. LQFP64 mechanical data and package dimensions mm DIM. MIN. A A1 A2 B C D D1 D3 e E E1 E3 L L1 K ccc 0.45 11.80 9.80 0.05 1.35 0.17 0.09 11.80 9.80 12.00 10.00 7.50 0.50 12.00 10.00 7.50 0.60 1.00 0.75 12.20 10.20 0.464 0.386 1.40 0.22 TYP. MAX. 1.60 0.15 1.45 0.27 0.20 12.20 10.20 0.002 0.053 0.055 MIN. TYP. MAX. 0.063 0.006 0.057 inch OUTLINE AND MECHANICAL DATA 0.0066 0.0086 0.0106 0.0035 0.464 0.386 0.472 0.394 0.295 0.0197 0.472 0.394 0.295 0.0177 0.0236 0.0295 0.0393 0.480 0.401 0.0079 0.480 0.401 0 (min.), 3.5 (min.), 7(max.) 0.080 0.0031 LQFP64 (10 x 10 x 1.4mm) D D1 A D3 A1 48 49 33 32 0.08mm ccc Seating Plane A2 B E3 E1 64 1 e 16 17 C L1 E L K TQFP64 B 0051434 F 74/76 TDA7541 Revision history 9 Revision history Table 42. Date 19-Jul-2007 Document revision history Revision 1 Initial release. Updated the Figure 1: Block circuit diagram. Updated/added the values in the Section 3.3: Electrical characteristics. Updated the Section 5.3: Data byte specification. Updated the Figure 15. Document status promoted from preliminary data to datasheet. Updated in Table 6 the item 13.14 typ. value, and in the Table 8 the item 38.5 min. value. Modified the Section 4.3.3 on page 37. Modified the Table 20 on page 49. Updated the Figure 12 on page 71. Changes 9-Jan-2008 2 15-Jan-2008 3 75/76 TDA7541 Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries ("ST") reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST's terms and conditions of sale. Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the ST products and services described herein, and ST assumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the ST products and services described herein. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. If any part of this document refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by ST for the use of such third party products or services, or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoever of such third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein. UNLESS OTHERWISE SET FORTH IN ST'S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE ST DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY WITH RESPECT TO THE USE AND/OR SALE OF ST PRODUCTS INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION), OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. UNLESS EXPRESSLY APPROVED IN WRITING BY AN AUTHORIZED ST REPRESENTATIVE, ST PRODUCTS ARE NOT RECOMMENDED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED FOR USE IN MILITARY, AIR CRAFT, SPACE, LIFE SAVING, OR LIFE SUSTAINING APPLICATIONS, NOR IN PRODUCTS OR SYSTEMS WHERE FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION MAY RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY, DEATH, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE. ST PRODUCTS WHICH ARE NOT SPECIFIED AS "AUTOMOTIVE GRADE" MAY ONLY BE USED IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS AT USER'S OWN RISK. Resale of ST products with provisions different from the statements and/or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately void any warranty granted by ST for the ST product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoever, any liability of ST. ST and the ST logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of ST in various countries. Information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics. All other names are the property of their respective owners. (c) 2008 STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - China - Czech Republic - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan Malaysia - Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States of America www.st.com 76/76 |
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